Gwrthfiotig: Gwahaniaeth rhwng fersiynau
Cynnwys wedi'i ddileu Cynnwys wedi'i ychwanegu
Sian EJ (sgwrs | cyfraniadau) |
Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.8 |
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Llinell 1:
{{Cyffuriau | fetchwikidata = ALL | image = Staphylococcus aureus (AB Test).jpg}}
Math o [[Cyffur|gyffur]] gwrthficrobaidd yw gwrthfiotigau, bathwyd y term o'r [[Hen Roeg (iaith)|hen Roeg]] αντιβιοτικά, neu ''antibiotiká''.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://newsghana.com.gh/?p=853675 | title=Utilizing antibiotics agents effectively will preserve present day medication| publisher=News Ghana | date=21 November 2015 | accessdate=21 November 2015}}</ref> Cyfeirir atynt weithiau fel gwrthfacteroliaid ac fe'i defnyddir i drin ac atal heintiau bacteriol.<ref name="NHSB">{{cite web | url=https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/Antibiotics-penicillins/Pages/Introduction.aspx | title=Antibiotics| publisher=NHS | date=5 June 2014 | accessdate=17 January 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://ecdc.europa.eu/en/eaad/antibiotics/Pages/factsExperts.aspx | title=Factsheet for experts | publisher=European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control | accessdate=21 December 2014 | archive-date=2014-12-21 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141221183712/http://ecdc.europa.eu/en/eaad/antibiotics/Pages/factsExperts.aspx | url-status=dead }}</ref> Maent yn lladd neu'n atal tyfiant [[bacteria]]. Medda nifer gyfyngedig o wrthfiotigau ar alluoedd gwrth-protosoaidd.<ref name=Antibioticandantiprotozal>{{cite book|title=Chemical Analysis of Antibiotic Residues in Food.|date=2012|publisher=John Wiley & Sons, Inc.|isbn=9781449614591|pages=1–60|url=http://www.newbooks-services.de/MediaFiles/Texts/6/9780470490426_Excerpt_001.pdf}}</ref> Nid yw gwrthfiotigau yn effeithiol wrth drin [[Firws|firysau]] megis yr [[annwyd]] cyffredin neu'r [[Y ffliw|ffliw]]; yn hytrach, fe elwir cyffuriau sy'n atal firysau yn gyffuriau gwrthfirysol neu wrthfeirysau.
Weithiau, fe ddefnyddir y term gwrthfiotig (a olygir "gwrth-fywyd") i gyfeirio at unrhyw sylwedd sy'n ymladd microbau,<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.ahdictionary.com/word/search.html?q=antibiotic | title = American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language |edition=5th |year=2011 |quote = A substance, such as penicillin or erythromycin, produced by or derived from certain microorganisms, including fungi and bacteria, that can destroy or inhibit the growth of other microorganisms, especially bacteria. Antibiotics are widely used in the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases. }}</ref> sy'n gyfystyr â gwrthfeicrobaidd.<ref>{{cite book | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=aW0zkZl0JgQC&lpg=PA108&ots=CDvWf9vQop&dq=antibiotic&pg=PA108#v=onepage&q=antibiotic&f=false| title=Mosby's Medical Dictionary |edition=9th | publisher=Elsevier | year=2013|quote = 1. pertaining to the ability to destroy or interfere with the development of a living organism. 2. an antimicrobial agent, derived from cultures of a microorganism or produced semi-synthetically, used to treat infections}}</ref> Ceir rhai ffynonellau'n gwahaniaethu rhwng sylweddau gwrthfacterol a gwrthfiotig; defnyddir gwrthfacteroliaid mewn [[sebon]] a diheintyddion; [[meddyginiaeth]] yw gwrthfiotig.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.tufts.edu/med/apua/about_issue/agents.shtml#1 | title=General Background: Antibiotic Agents | work=Alliance for the Prudent Use of Antibiotics | accessdate=21 December 2014 | archive-date=2014-12-14 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141214195917/http://www.tufts.edu/med/apua/about_issue/agents.shtml#1 | url-status=dead }}</ref>
Fe wnaeth gwrthfiotigau chwyldroi'r maes meddygaeth yn yr [[20fed ganrif]].<ref>{{Cite book|title = Antibiotics: Targets, Mechanisms and Resistance|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=3SZrAAAAQBAJ|publisher = John Wiley & Sons|date = 4 December 2013|isbn = 9783527333059|first = Claudio O.|last = Gualerzi|first2 = Letizia|last2 = Brandi|first3 = Attilio|last3 = Fabbretti|first4 = Cynthia L.|last4 = Pon|pages = 1}}</ref> Fodd bynnag, mae eu heffeithiolrwydd a'u hargaeledd cyson wedi arwain at eu gorddefnydd,<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-06-10/superbug-fears-over-antibiotic-use-in-australian-nursing-homes/7497664|title=Antibiotics being incorrectly prescribed in Australian nursing homes, prompting superbug fears|work=[[ABC (Australia)|ABC Australia]]|date=10 June 2016|accessdate=12 June 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cctv-america.com/2016/05/19/uk-study-warns-of-threat-of-antibiotics-overuse-lack-of-new-drugs|title=UK study warns of threat of antibiotics overuse, lack of new drugs|work=CCTV America|date=19 May 2016|accessdate=12 June 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/news/superbugs-could-kill-more-people-than-cancer-report-warns/|title=Superbugs could kill more people than cancer, report warns|publisher=CBS News|date=19 May 2016|accessdate=12 June 2016}}</ref> ffaith sydd wedi datblygu galluoedd ymwrthodol bacteria.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Brooks|first1=Megan|title=Public Confused About Antibiotic Resistance, WHO Says|url=http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/854564|website=Medscape Multispeciality|accessdate=21 November 2015|date=16 November 2015}}</ref> Mae'r gallu hwnnw wedi arwain at broblemau eang. Datganodd [[Cyfundrefn Iechyd y Byd|Sefydliad Iechyd y Byd]] bod ymwrthedd gwrthficrobaidd yn "fygythiad difrifol, nad sydd bellach yn broffwydoliaeth ar gyfer y dyfodol, y mae'n digwydd, ym mhob rhanbarth o'r byd ac â'r potensial i effeithio unrhyw un, o unrhyw oed, mewn unrhyw wlad".<ref name=WHO2014>{{cite web | url=http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/112642/1/9789241564748_eng.pdf?ua=1 | title=Antimicrobial resistance: global report on surveillance | publisher=The World Health Organization | date= April 2014 | accessdate=13 June 2016 |isbn=978 92 4 156474 8 }}</ref>
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