Rhyfel Fietnam: Gwahaniaeth rhwng fersiynau

Cynnwys wedi'i ddileu Cynnwys wedi'i ychwanegu
B nodyn y Rhyfel Oer
gwybodlen a chyflwyniad - mwy i'w wneud (cyfeiriadau)
Llinell 1:
{{Gwybodlen Gwrthdaro milwrol
Gwrthdaro milwrol yn [[Fietnam]] o [[1959]] i [[1975]] oedd '''Rhyfel Fietnam''', a ddechreuodd yn dilyn ymdrechion gan [[herwfilwyr]] [[comiwnyddiaeth|comiwnyddol]] y [[Fiet Cong]], gyda chefnogaeth llywodraeth gomiwnyddol [[Gogledd Fietnam]], i ddymchwel llywodraeth [[De Fietnam]]. Lledaenodd hyn i ryfel rhyngwladol pan ymunodd cynghreiriaid â'r ddwy ochr (yn cynnwys [[yr Unol Daleithiau]], [[De Corea]] ac [[Awstralia]] o blaid y De, a [[Gweriniaeth Pobl China|Tsieina]], [[yr Undeb Sofietaidd]] a [[Gogledd Corea]] o blaid y Gogledd). Llwyddodd y Gogledd i uno'r wlad fel gwladwriaeth gomiwnyddol ar [[30 Ebrill]], 1975, pan cwympodd prifddinas y De, [[Saigon]]. Bu farw 2–2.5 miliwn o Asiaid De-Ddwyreiniol (y rhan fwyaf ohonynt yn sifiliaid), dros 58 000 o filwyr Americanaidd, a miloedd o filwyr o wledydd eraill.
|rhan = o'r [[Rhyfel Oer]] a [[Rhyfeloedd Indo-Tsieina]]
|delwedd = [[Delwedd:Bruce Crandall's UH-1D.jpg|300px]]
|pennawd = [[UH-1 Iroquois|Hofrennydd UH-1D]] yn codi wedi iddo ollwng criw o filwyr traed Americanaidd ar ymgyrch chwilio a dinistrio.
|dyddiad = 1 Tachwedd 1955<ref group=A name="start date" /> – 30 Ebrill 1975
|lleoliad = [[De Fietnam]], [[Gogledd Fietnam]], [[Cambodia]], [[Laos]]
|newidiadau_tiriogaethol = Uniad Gogledd a De Fietnam gan ffurfio [[Gweriniaeth Sosialaidd Fietnam]].
|canlyniad = Buddugoliaeth i luoedd comiwnyddol [[Fietnam]]
* Enciliad lluoedd Americanaidd rhag [[Indo-Tsieina]]
* Diddymiad [[De Fietnam]]
* Llywodraethau comiwnyddol yn dod i rym yn Fietnam, Cambodia, a Laos
<!--
brwydrwr-1 = '''[[Anti-communism|Anti-Communist]] forces:'''
'''{{flag|South Vietnam}}'''<br>
'''{{flag|United States}}'''<br>
{{flag|South Korea}}<br>
{{flag|Australia}}<br>
{{flag|Philippines|1919}}<br>
{{flag|New Zealand}}<br>
{{flag|Thailand}}<br>
{{flagicon|Cambodia|1970}} [[Khmer Republic]]<br>
{{flagicon|Laos|1952}} [[Kingdom of Laos]]<br>
{{flag|Republic of China}}
 
''Supported by:''<br>
[[File:Flag of Spain 1945 1977.svg|23px]] [[Francoist Spain|Spain]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.psywarrior.com/AlliesRepublicVietnam.html|title=ALLIES OF THE
REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM |accessdate=2011-09-24 }}</ref><br>
|brwydrwr-2 = '''[[Communism|Communist]] forces:'''
'''{{flag|North Vietnam}}'''<br>
{{flagicon|Republic of South Vietnam}} '''[[National Front for the Liberation of South Vietnam|NLF]]'''<br>
{{flagicon|Cambodia|1975}} [[Khmer Rouge]]<br>
{{flagicon|Laos}} [[Pathet Lao]]<br>
{{flagicon|China}} [[People's Republic of China]]<br>
{{flag|Soviet Union|1955}}<br>
{{flag|North Korea}}
 
''Supported by:''<br>
{{flag|Czechoslovakia}}{{Citation needed|date=July 2011}}<br>
{{flag|Cuba}}
|nerth-1 = '''~1,830,000 (1968)'''<br>
South Vietnam: 850,000<br>
United States: 536,100<br>
[[Free World Military Forces]]: 65,000<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historycentral.com/Vietnam/Troop.html |title=Vietnam War : US Troop Strength |publisher=Historycentral.com |accessdate=17 October 2009 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nps.gov/mrc/reader/vvmcr.htm |title=Facts about the Vietnam Veterans Memorial Collection |publisher=nps.gov}} (citing The first American ground combat troops landed in [[South Vietnam]] during March 1965, specifically the U.S. Third Marine Regiment, Third Marine Division, deployed to Vietnam from Okinawa to defend the Da Nang, Vietnam, airfield. During the height of U.S. military involvement, 31 December 1968, the breakdown of allied forces were as follows: 536,100 U.S. military personnel, with 30,610 U.S. military having been killed to date; 65,000 Free World Forces personnel; 820,000 South Vietnam Armed Forces (SVNAF) with 88,343 having been killed to date. At the war's end, there were approximately 2,200 U.S. missing in action (MIA) and prisoner of war (POW). Source: Harry G. Summers, Jr. Vietnam War Almanac, Facts on File Publishing, 1985.)</ref><br>
Republic of Korea: 50,000<ref>{{cite book |url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=TGJ9V06p0BQC&pg=PA16 |title=Vietnam Marines 1965–73 |publisher=Books.google.co.uk |date=1965-03-08 |accessdate=2011-04-29}}</ref><br>
Australia: 7,672<br>
Thailand, Philippines: 10,450<br>
New Zealand: 552
 
nerth-2 = ~'''461,000'''<br>
North Vietnam: 287,465 (Jan 1968)<ref>Vietnam War After Action Reports, BACM Research, 2009, page 430</ref><br>
PRC: 170,000 (1969)<br>
Soviet Union: 3,000<br>
DPR Korea: 300–600
 
arweinydd-1 = {{flagicon|South Vietnam}} [[Ngo Dinh Diem|Ngô Đình Diệm]] <br>{{flagicon|South Vietnam}} [[Nguyễn Văn Thiệu]]<br>{{flagicon| South Vietnam}} [[Nguyễn Cao Kỳ]]<br>{{flagicon|South Vietnam}} [[Cao Van Vien|Cao Văn Viên]]<br>{{flagicon|USA}} [[Lyndon B. Johnson]] <br>{{flagicon|USA}} [[Richard Nixon]]<br>{{flagicon|USA}} [[William Westmoreland]]<br>{{flagicon|USA}} [[Creighton Abrams]]<br>{{flagicon|South Korea}} [[Park Chung Hee]]<ref name=nw20000410/><br>{{flagicon|South Korea}} [[Chae Myung Shin]]<ref name=nw20000410>{{cite web |url=http://www.newsweek.com/2000/04/09/the-cold-warrior.html |title=The Cold Warrior
|publisher=Newsweek |date=April 10, 2000 |accessdate=17 July 2011 }}</ref><br>{{flagicon|Cambodia|1970}} [[Lon Nol]] <br>[[Leaders of the Vietnam War|...''and others'']]
 
arweinydd-2 = {{flagicon|North Vietnam}} [[Ho Chi Minh|Hồ Chí Minh]]<br>{{flagicon|North Vietnam}} [[Lê Duẩn]] <br>{{flagicon|North Vietnam}} [[Vo Nguyen Giap|Võ Nguyên Giáp]] <br>{{flagicon|Republic of South Vietnam}} [[Hoàng Văn Thái]] <br> {{flagicon|North Vietnam}} [[Văn Tiến Dũng]] <br>{{flagicon|Republic of South Vietnam}} [[Trần Văn Trà]]<br>{{flagicon|Republic of South Vietnam}} [[Nguyen Van Linh|Nguyễn Văn Linh]]<br>{{flagicon|Republic of South Vietnam}} [[Nguyễn Hữu Thọ]]<br>[[Leaders of the Vietnam War|...''and others'']]
 
anaf_coll-1 = {{flagicon|South Vietnam}} '''South Vietnam'''<br>220,357 (low est.)<ref name="aaron">{{cite video |people = Aaron Ulrich (editor); Edward FeuerHerd (producer and director) |date=2005 & 2006 |title = Heart of Darkness: The Vietnam War Chronicles 1945–1975 |format = Box set, Color, Dolby, DVD-Video, Full Screen, NTSC, Dolby, Vision Software |medium = Documentary |publisher = Koch Vision |time = 321 minutes |isbn = 1-4172-2920-9 }}</ref> – 316,000 dead (highest est.);<ref name=FOOTNOTERummel1997>{{citation |last=Rummel |first=R.J |year=1997 |url=http://www.hawaii.edu/powerkills/SOD.TAB6.1A.GIF |format=GIF |title=Table 6.1A. Vietnam Democide : Estimates, Sources, and Calculations, |work=[http://www.hawaii.edu/powerkills Freedom, Democracy, Peace; Power, Democide, and War], [http://www.hawaii.edu/ University of Hawaii System] }}</ref> 1,170,000 wounded<br>
{{flagicon|United States}} '''United States'''<br>58,220 dead;{{#Tag:Ref|The figures of 58,220 and 303,644 for U.S. deaths and wounded come from the Department of Defense Statistical Information Analysis Division (SIAD), Defense Manpower Data Center, as well as from a Department of Veterans fact sheet dated May 2010<ref>{{cite report |date=February 26, 2010 |title=America’s Wars |url=http://www1.va.gov/opa/publications/factsheets/fs_americas_wars.pdf |publisher=Department of Veterans Affairs |month=May |Year=2010}}</ref> the CRS ([[Congressional Research Service]]) Report for Congress, American War and Military Operations Casualties: Lists and Statistics, dated February 26, 2010,<ref>{{cite report |date=February 26, 2010 |title=American War and Military Operations: Casualties: Lists and Statistics |url=http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/natsec/RL32492.pdf |author1=Anne Leland |author2=Mari-Jana "M-J" Oboroceanu |publisher=Congressional Research Service}}</ref> and the book Crucible Vietnam: Memoir of an Infantry Lieutenant.<ref>{{Harvnb|Lawrence|2009|pp=[http://books.google.com/books?id=CxtJ56I2cjMC&pg=PA65 65], [http://books.google.com/books?id=CxtJ56I2cjMC&pg=PA107 107], [http://books.google.com/books?id=CxtJ56I2cjMC&pg=PA154 154], [http://books.google.com/books?id=CxtJ56I2cjMC&pg=PA217 217]}}</ref> Some other sources give different figures (e.g. the 2005/2006 documentary ''Heart of Darkness: The Vietnam War Chronicles 1945–1975'' cited elsewhere in this article gives a figure of 58,159 U.S. deaths,<ref name="aaron"/> The 2007 book ''Vietnam Sons: For Some, the War Never Ended'' gives a figure of 58,226.<ref name=Kueter2007 />)|name=USd&w|group=A}} 1,687 missing;<ref>535 Army, 367 Navy, 212 Marine Corps, 541 Air Force, 32 civilians {{As of|2011|6|1|lc=on}}, per ''[http://www.dtic.mil/dpmo/vietnam/statistics/2011/documents/Stats20110602.pdf Vietnam-Era Statistical Support]''.</ref> 303,635 wounded<ref group=A name=USd&w /><br>
{{flagicon|South Korea}} '''Republic of Korea'''<br>5,099 dead; 10,962 wounded; 4 missing<br>
{{flagicon|Australia}} '''Australia'''<br>521 dead; 3,000 wounded<br>
{{flagicon|New Zealand}} '''New Zealand'''<br>37 dead; 187 wounded<br>
{{flagicon|Thailand}} '''Thailand'''<br>1,351 dead<ref name="aaron"/><br>
{{flagicon|Laos|1952}} '''Kingdom of Laos'''<br>30,000 killed, wounded unknown<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.vietnamgear.com/casualties.aspx |title=Vietnam War Casualties |publisher=Vietnamgear.com |date=3 April 1995 |accessdate=17 October 2009 }}</ref>
 
'''Total dead: 315,384 – 412,000'''<br>'''Total wounded: ~1,490,000+'''
 
anaf_coll-2 = {{flagicon|North Vietnam}}{{flagicon|Republic of South Vietnam}} '''North Vietnam & NLF'''<br>1,176,000 dead or missing (highest est.);<ref name="aaron"/> 600,000+ wounded<ref>Soames, John. ''A History of the World'', Routledge, 2005.</ref><br>
{{flagicon|China}} '''P.R. China'''<br>1,446 dead; 4,200 wounded<br>{{flagicon|Soviet Union|1955}} '''Soviet Union'''<br>16 dead<ref>Dunnigan, James & Nofi, Albert: ''Dirty Little Secrets of the Vietnam War: Military Information You're Not Supposed to Know.'' St. Martin's Press, 2000, p. 284. ISBN 0-312-25282-X.</ref>
 
'''Total dead: ~1,177,462 (highest est.)'''<br>'''Total wounded: ~604,200+'''
 
anaf_coll-3 = <div></div>
'''Vietnamese civilian dead''': ~200,000 – 2,000,000<ref name="afp1995">{{cite news |title=20 Years After Victory, Vietnamese Communists Ponder How to Celebrate |author=Philip Shenon|first=Philip |last=Shenon |url=http://www.nytimes.com/1995/04/23/world/20-years-after-victory-vietnamese-communists-ponder-how-to-celebrate.html |date=23 April 1995 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |accessdate=24 February 2011 }}</ref><br>
'''Cambodian civilian dead''': 200,000 – 300,000*<ref name="Heuveline, Patrick 2001"/><ref name="Marek Sliwinski 1995"/><ref name="Banister, Judith 1993"/><br>
'''Laotian civilian dead''': ~20,000 – 200,000*<br>
'''Total civilian dead: ~420,000 – 2,500,000'''<br>
'''Total dead: ~1,912,846 – 3,992,846'''
 
<nowiki>*</nowiki> indicates approximations, see [[#Casualties|Casualties]] below<br>
For more information see [[Vietnam War casualties]]-->
}}
Gwrthdaro milwrol yn ystod [[y Rhyfel Oer]] oedd '''Rhyfel Fietnam'''{{#tag:ref|Gelwir hefyd yn ''Ail Ryfel Indo-Tsieina'', ''y Rhyfel Americanaidd'' yn Fietnam ac, yn Fietnam, ''y Rhyfel yn erbyn yr Americanwyr er Achub y Genedl''.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://vietnamnews.vnagency.com.vn/Social-Isssues/193440/Two-250kg-wartime-bombs-defused.html |title=Official news source use of the name |publisher=Vietnamnews.vnagency.com.vn |date=29 October 2009 |accessdate=28 April 2010}}</ref>|group="A"}} a ddigwyddodd yn [[Fietnam]], [[Laos]], a [[Cambodia|Chambodia]] o 1 Tachwedd 1955{{#tag:ref|Oherwydd presenoldeb cynnar yn Fietnam gan luoedd Americanaidd mae dyddiad cychwyn Rhyfel Fietnam yn ardal lwyd. Ym 1998, yn dilyn adolygiad dan [[Adran Amddiffyn yr Unol Daleithiau]] a thrwy ymdrechion teulu [[Richard B. Fitzgibbon, Jr.|Richard B. Fitzgibbon]], fe newidiwyd dyddiad cychwyn Rhyfel Fietnam i 1 Tachwedd 1955.<ref name="DoD p. ">{{harvnb|DoD|1998|p=}}</ref> Yn ôl adroddiadau llywodraethol Americanaidd modern, 1 Tachwedd 1955 yw dyddiad cychwyn "Gwrthdaro Fietnam", sef y dyddiad a grëwyd Grŵp Ymgynghorol Cynorthwyol Milwrol (MAAG) Fietnamaidd gan yr Unol Daleithiau, gan ddilyn aildrefniad MAAG Indo-Tsieina yn unedau unigol i bob gwlad.<ref name="Lawrence p. 20">{{harvnb|Lawrence|2009|p=[http://books.google.com/books?id=CxtJ56I2cjMC&pg=PA20 20]}}</ref>
 
Mae dyddiadau cychwyn eraill yn cynnwys Rhagfyr 1956, pan awdurdododd Hanoi i luoedd y Fiet Cong ddechrau [[gwrthryfel]] ar raddfa isel yn Ne Fietnam.<ref name=autogenerated1>James Olson and Randy Roberts, ''Where the Domino Fell: America and Vietnam, 1945–1990'', p. 67 (New York: St. Martin's Press, 1991).</ref> Yn ôl eraill dechreuodd y rhyfel ar 26 Medi 1959, dyddiad y frwydr gyntaf rhwng y fyddin Gomiwnyddol a byddin De Fietnam.<ref name="WarBegan">[http://www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/intrel/pentagon/pent14.htm Origins of the Insurgency in South Vietnam, 1954–1960], The Pentagon Papers (Gravel Edition), Volume 1, Chapter 5, (Boston: Beacon Press, 1971), Section 3, pp. 314–346; International Relations Department, Mount Holyoke College.</ref>
|group="A"|name="start date"}} hyd [[cwymp Saigon|gwymp Saigon]] ar 30 Ebrill 1975. Dilynodd y rhyfel hwn [[Rhyfel Cyntaf Indo-Tsieina|Ryfel Cyntaf Indo-Tsieina]] ac ymladdwyd rhwng [[Gogledd Fietnam]], gyda chefnogaeth ei chynghreiriaid comiwnyddol, a llywodraeth [[De Fietnam]], gyda chefnogaeth [[yr Unol Daleithiau]] a gwledydd gwrth-gomiwnyddol eraill.<ref>{{cite web |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica |title=Vietnam War |quote=Meanwhile, the United States, its military demoralized and its civilian electorate deeply divided, began a process of coming to terms with defeat in its longest and most controversial war |url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/628478/Vietnam-War |accessdate=5 March 2008}}</ref> Ymladdodd y [[Fiet Cong]], [[ffrynt cyffredin]] comiwnyddol yn Ne Fietnam oedd yn ysgafn eu harfau, [[rhyfel herwfilwrol]] yn erbyn lluoedd gwrth-gomiwnyddol yn yr ardal. Bu [[Byddin Pobl Fietnam]], byddin y Gogledd, yn ymladd rhyfel mwy [[rhyfela confensiynol|gonfensiynol]], weithiau gan ddanfon niferoedd mawr i frwydro. Dibynodd lluoedd Americanaidd a De Fietnam ar [[rhagoriaeth awyrennol|ragoriaeth awyrennol]] a grym tanio trwm er mwyn cynnal ymgyrchoedd [[chwilio a dinistrio]], gyda [[Byddin yr Unol Daleithiau|milwyr ar y tir]], [[artileri]], a [[cyrch awyr|chyrchoedd awyr]].
 
O safbwynt y llywodraeth Americanaidd yr oedd ei rôl yn y gwrthdaro yn fodd atal De Fietnam rhag cwympo i [[comiwnyddiaeth|gomiwnyddiaeth]] ac felly'n rhan o strategaeth ehangach yr Unol Daleithiau o [[cyfyngiant|gyfyngiant]]. Yn ôl llywodraeth Gogledd Fietnam yr oedd y rhyfel yn un drefedigaethol, a ymladdwyd yn gyntaf gan Ffrainc, gyda chefnogaeth yr Unol Daleithiau, ac yna yn erbyn De Fietnam, a gafodd ei gweld yn [[gwladwriaeth byped|wladwriaeth byped]] Americanaidd.<ref>{{cite web |title=Learn about the Vietnam War |url=http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/modules/vietnam/index.cfm }}</ref> Cyrhaeddodd [[cynghorwr milwrol|cynghorwyr milwrol]] Americanaidd ar gychwyn 1950, a dwyshaodd ymyrraeth yr Unol Daleithiau yng nghynnar y 1960au; treblodd niferoedd y lluoedd Americanaidd ym 1961 ac eto ym 1962.<ref>[http://25thaviation.org/facts/id430.htm Vietnam War Statistics and Facts 1], 25th Aviation Batallion website.</ref> Defnyddiwyd lluoedd ymladd gan yr Americanwyr o 1965 ymlaen. Ymledodd ymgyrchoedd milwrol dros ororau, a chafodd Laos a Chambodia eu bombio'n drwm. Bu ymyrraeth yr Unol Daleithiau ar ei hanterth ym 1968, adeg [[Ymosodiad Tet]]. Wedi hyn, enciliwyd lluoedd Americanaidd rhag tir yr ardal fel rhan o bolisi a elwir yn [[Fietnameiddio]]. Er i holl ochrau'r gwrthdaro arwyddo [[Cytundeb Heddwch Paris]] yn Ionawr 1973, parhaodd yr ymladd.
 
Daeth rhan milwrol yr Unol Daleithiau yn y rhyfel i ben ar 15 Awst 1973 o ganlyniad i [[Gwelliant Case-Church|Welliant Case–Church]] a basiwyd gan Gyngres y wlad.<ref>Kolko, Gabriel ''Anatomy of War'', pp. 457, 461 ff., ISBN 1-898876-67-3.</ref> Nododd cipiad Saigon gan fyddin Gogledd Fietnam diwedd y rhyfel ym mis Ebrill 1975. Ad-unodd Gogledd a De Fietnam y flwyddyn wedyn. Bu nifer fawr o golledigion, ac mae amcangyfrifau o'r nifer o filwyr a sifiliaid Fietnamaidd bu farw yn amrywio o lai nag un miliwn<ref>Charles Hirschman et al., “Vietnamese Casualties During the American War: A New Estimate,” Population and Development Review, December 1995.</ref> i fwy na thri miliwn.<ref>Associated Press, April 3, 1995, "Vietnam Says 1.1 Million Died Fighting For North."</ref> Bu farw rhyw 200,000–300,000 o [[Khmer (pobl)|Gambodiaid]],<ref name="Heuveline, Patrick 2001">Heuveline, Patrick (2001). "The Demographic Analysis of Mortality in Cambodia." In Forced Migration and Mortality, eds. Holly E. Reed and Charles B. Keely. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press.</ref><ref name="Marek Sliwinski 1995">Marek Sliwinski, Le Génocide Khmer Rouge: Une Analyse Démographique (L’Harmattan, 1995).</ref><ref name="Banister, Judith 1993">Banister, Judith, and Paige Johnson (1993). "After the Nightmare: The Population of Cambodia." In Genocide and Democracy in Cambodia: The Khmer Rouge, the United Nations and the International Community, ed. Ben Kiernan. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Southeast Asia Studies.</ref> 20,000–200,000 o [[Lao (pobl)|Laosiaid]],<ref>Warner, Roger, [[Shooting at the Moon (book)|Shooting at the Moon]], (1996), pp366, estimates 30,000 Hmong.</ref><ref>Obermeyer, "Fifty years of violent war deaths from Vietnam to Bosnia", ''British Medical Journal,'' 2008, estimates 60,000 total.</ref><ref>T. Lomperis, ''From People's War to People's Rule,'' (1996), estimates 35,000 total.</ref><ref>Small, Melvin & Joel David Singer, ''Resort to Arms: International and Civil Wars 1816-1980'', (1982), estimates 20,000 total.</ref><ref>Taylor, Charles Lewis, ''The World Handbook of Political and Social Indicators,'' estimates 20,000 total.</ref><ref>Stuart-Fox, Martin, ''A History of Laos,'' estimates 200,000 by 1973.</ref> a 58,220 o luoedd Americanaidd hefyd.<!--<ref group=A name=USd&w />-->
 
== Strategaeth a thactegau ymladd ==
=== Y Fiet Cong ===
Roedd tactegau ac arfau'r Fiet Cong yn is o ran [[technoleg]] na rhai'r Unol Daleithiau, er defnyddion nhw ambell i [[roced]] a [[tanc|thanc]] a gyflenwyd gan Tsieina ac UGSS. Defnyddion nhw eu cynefindra â'r tir i adeiladu rhwydweithiau eang o dwneli a ffosydd i guddio o'r fyddin Americanaidd.
 
=== Yr Unol Daleithiau ===
Bu Unol Daleithiau America yn chwarae rhan fawr yn y rhyfel. Roedd technoleg newydd yn ffactor pwysig yn eu tactegau ymladd gyda awyrennau bomio [[B-52 Stratofortress|B-52]], [[hofrenydd]]ion a [[lansiwr roced|lanswyr rocedi]]. Gwelwyd hefyd defnydd o [[Arf gemegol|ryfela cemegol]] gan y lluoedd Americanaidd, megis [[Agent Orange]], [[chwynladdwr]] i rwystro'r Fiet Cong rhag cuddio yn y [[jyngl]], a [[napalm]], cemegyn sy'n llosgi croen.
 
Cychwynodd UDA [[Ymgyrch Rolling Thunder]] yn 1965, ymosodiad o [[bomio strategol|fomio strategol]] lle targedwyd [[porthladd]]oedd, canolfannau a llinellau cyflenwadau milwrol yng Ngogledd Fietnam i rwystro cefnogaeth i'r Fiet Cong. Parhaodd [[Byddin yr Unol Daleithiau]] â strategaeth [[Chwilio a Dinistrio]] trwy gydol y rhyfel, lle fu filwyr yn ymosod ar aneddiadau a'u dinistrio'n llwyr a lladd pob drigolyn.
 
== Troednodion ==
{{cyfeiriadau|group="A"|colwidth=30em}}
 
== Cyfeiriadau ==
{{cyfeiriadau|2}}
 
{{Y Rhyfel Oer}}
Llinell 20 ⟶ 118:
[[Categori:Rhyfeloedd yr Unol Daleithiau|Fietnam]]
[[Categori:Y Rhyfel Oer]]
{{eginyn Fiet Nam}}
{{eginyn hanes}}
 
[[af:Viëtnamoorlog]]