Monument Valley: Gwahaniaeth rhwng fersiynau

Cynnwys wedi'i ddileu Cynnwys wedi'i ychwanegu

Mewn-lein

Fersiwn yn ôl 13:22, 1 Mawrth 2020

Monument Valley (Nafacho: Tsé Bii' Ndzisgaii, sy'n golygu dyffryn y creigiau) yn rhanbarth o Lwyfandir Colorado a nodweddir gan glwstwr o gnyciau tywodfaen helaeth, y mwyaf yn cyrraedd 300m uwchben llawr y dyffryn.^[1] Mae wedi ei leoli ar ffin Arizona a Utah, ger ardal y Pedair Cornel. Mae'r dyffryn yn gorwedd o fewn tiriogaeth Gwarchodfa Cenedl Nafacho a gellir ei gyrraedd o Briffordd 163 yr UD.

Golygfa o Monument Valley yn Utah, yn edrych i'r de ar Lwybr 163 yr UD o 13 mile (21 km) i'r gogledd o ffin Arizona - Utah

Mae Monument Valley wedi cael sylw mewn sawl math o gyfryngau ers y 1930au. Defnyddiodd y cyfarwyddwr John Ford y lleoliad ar gyfer nifer o'i ffilmiau mwyaf adnabyddus ac felly, yng ngeiriau'r beirniad Keith Phipps, "mae ei 5 milltir sgwar (13 km²) wedi diffinio'r hyn y mae degawdau o fynychwyr sinema yn meddwl amdano wrth ddychmygu Gorllewin America." ^[2]

Daearyddiaeth a daeareg

Monument Valley, sgowt Apache

Mae'r ardal yn rhan o Lwyfandir Colorado. Mae uchder llawr y dyffryn yn amrywio 1,500 i 1,800m uwch lefel y môr. Mae'r llawr i raddau helaeth yn garreg silt a ddyddodwyd gan yr afonydd troellog a gerfiodd y dyffryn. Daw lliw coch y dyffryn o haearn ocsid agored yn y garreg silt hindreuliedig. Mae'r creigiau tywyllach, llwydlas yn y dyffryn yn cael eu lliw o fanganîs ocsid.

Mae'r cnyciau wedi'u haenu'n glir, gyda thair prif haen. Yr haen isaf yw'r Organ Rock Shale, y canol yw Tywodfaen de Chelly, a'r haen uchaf yw Ffurfiant Moenkopi wedi'i gapio gan Glymfaen Shinarump a. Mae'r dyffryn yn cynnwys strwythurau cerrig mawr gan gynnwys yr enwog "Llygad yr Haul".

Twristiaeth

Monument Valley o lawr y dyffryn

Mae Monument Valley yn swyddogol yn ardal fawr sy'n cynnwys llawer o'r ardal o amgylch Parc Llwythol Nafacho Monument Valley, Cenedl Nafacho sy'n cyfateb i barc cenedlaethol. Mae Oljato, er enghraifft, hefyd yn yr ardal sydd wedi'i dynodi'n rhan o Monument Valley.

Gall ymwelwyr dalu ffi mynediad a gyrru trwy'r parc ar ffordd bridd 17 mile (27 km), (taith 2-3 awr). Dim ond ar daith dywys y gellir cyrraedd rhannau o Monument Valley, fel Mystery Valley a Hunts Mesa.

Hinsawdd

Mae Monument Valley yn profi hinsawdd anial gyda gaeafau oer a hafau poeth. Er i'r hafau fod yn boeth, mae'r gwres yn cael ei dymheru gan uchder uchel y rhanbarth. Er bod y dyffryn yn profi 54 diwrnod yn flynyddol ar gyfartaledd yn uwch na 90 °F (32 °C), anaml y bydd uchafbwyntiau'r haf yn fwy na 100 °F (38 °C). Mae nosweithiau haf yn gyffyrddus o glaear, ac mae'r tymheredd yn gostwng yn gyflym ar ôl machlud yr haul. Mae'r gaeafau'n oer, ond mae uchafbwyntiau yn ystod y dydd fel arfer yn uwch na'r rhewbwynt. Hyd yn oed yn y gaeaf, tymereddau is na 0 °F (−18 °C) yn anghyffredin. Mae Monument Valley yn derbyn cwymp eira ysgafn yn y gaeaf o bryd i'w gilydd; fodd bynnag, fel rheol mae'n toddi o fewn diwrnod neu ddau.

Oriel

Panoramâu

Golygfa panoramig o Monument Valley o John Ford's Point

Panorama wedi'i gymryd o'r Ganolfan Ymwelwyr, yn dangos cnyciau'r Menig

Panorama o Monument Valley yn y gaeaf

Y Totem Pole

Monument Valley yn y cyfryngau gweledol

Mae Monument Valley wedi cael sylw mewn nifer o gemau cyfrifiadur, mewn print, ac mewn ffilm, gan gynnwys ffilmiau Gorllewin Gwyllt a gyfarwyddwyd gan John Ford a ddylanwadodd ar farn cynulleidfaoedd o Orllewin America, megis: Stagecoach (1939), My Darling Clementine (1946), Fort Apache (1948), a She Wore a Yellow Ribbon (1949).^[3] ^[4] ^[5] ^[6]

Cafodd llawer o ffilmiau mwy diweddar, gyda chyfarwyddwyr eraill, eu ffilmio hefyd yn Monument Valley, gan gynnwys Once Upon a Time in the West gan Sergio Leone (ym 1967), a The Lone Ranger gan Gore Verbinski . ^[7]

↑ Scheffel, Richard L.; Wernet, Susan J., gol. (1980). Natural Wonders of the World. Reader's Digest. t. 255. ISBN 978-0-89577-087-5.
↑ Phipps, Keith (November 17, 2009). "The Easy Rider Road Trip". Slate. Cyrchwyd December 16, 2012.
↑ Phipps, Keith (November 17, 2009). "The Easy Rider Road Trip". Slate. Cyrchwyd December 16, 2012.
↑ Howze, William (September 2, 2011). "Ford's consistent use of popular imagery in Western and Non-Western films". The Influence of Western Painting and Genre Painting on the Films of John Ford (arg. Revised). "Ford is popularly regarded as a director of westerns, the director who made John Wayne a star and made Monument Valley the locus for the myth of the American West. It was a reputation he encouraged. 'My name's John Ford -I make westerns', he once said by way of introduction.1 Among his most popular westerns are Staqecoach (1939), My Darlinq Clementine (1946), Fort Apache (1947), She Wore a Yellow Ribbon (1949), The Searchers (1956), and The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance (1962). "Western or non-western, Ford's films exhibit characteristics that transcend those categories. Critics have recognized Ford's preoccupation with the traditional values of home and country, whether the country is Ireland or the United States; they have characterized his heroes as loners, men disappointed with life in some way that is only implied; and they have enumerated the elements of a typical Ford film: Monument Valley, the Seventh Cavalry, a fight, a dance, a wedding, a funeral, and the members of the so-called John Ford Stock Company, actors who appeared again and again in his films: John Wayne, Victor McLaglen, Henry Fonda, Ward Bond, Olive Carey, Harry Carey, Jr., John Qualen, and Hank Worden among others.
↑ Punch, David A. (September 2, 2018). "Stagecoach: Defining the Western, How John Ford's 1939 western classic transformed the dying genre into the epitome of American cinema". Medium. "Monument Valley resides on the Utah-Arizona border, within the territory of the Navajo Reservation. Encompassing approximately 30,000 acres, the land is noteworthy for its incredible sandstone buttes, which reach as high as 1,000 ft. Realizing how magnificent the location would be for a western picture, resident Harry Goulding approached John Ford about shooting his next film there. After previewing the landscape through some pictures Goulding brought along with him, Ford was certain he wanted to film Stagecoach there. Some of the motivation for that was the remoteness of the location. Hundreds of miles away from any form of civilization, it certainly discouraged nosey producers from prying, though the natural beauty of the terrain was a deciding factor. It became his preferred location for shooting westerns; Ford favored its majesty over accuracy in films like My Darling Clementine (1946), set in Tombstone, Arizona, and The Searchers, which substitutes the location for practically everywhere the characters travel to. The expansive countryside embodied the untamed potential of the western frontier so vividly it has become the iconic image of the west. Ford’s discovery of Monument Valley was crucial in piecing together his image of the frontier — a vision which has become the defining portrait of the American West."
↑ Movshovitz, Howard (1984). "The Still Point: Women in the Westerns of John Ford". Frontiers: A Journal of Women Studies (University of Nebraska Press) 7: 68–72. doi:10.2307/3346245. JSTOR 3346245.
↑ "50 YEARS AGO, TWO ICONIC FILMS FEATURED MONUMENT VALLEY". 2017-06-05.

Darllen pellach

Harvey, Thomas J. (2011). Rainbow Bridge to Monument Valley: Making the Modern Old West. University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN 9780806141909.

Dolenni allanol

"Monument Valley Tours & Tickets". Travel Guide.
"Complete Monument Valley Guide: Drive, Hotels, Camping, Seasons". When To Go. 2017-11-12.
"List of movies and television shows with scenes in Monument Valley". IMDb.
"Monument Valley". American Southwest Guide.
"Monument Valley". Navajo Nation Parks.
"Photographs and documents of pre-automobile access Monument Valley from the Monument Highway Digital Collection". Utah State University.
"Uranium mining in Monument Valley and its decommissioning". Energy Information Administration.

[readersnatural-1] Scheffel, Richard L.; Wernet, Susan J., gol. (1980). Natural Wonders of the World. Reader's Digest. t. 255. ISBN 978-0-89577-087-5.

[2] Phipps, Keith (November 17, 2009). "The Easy Rider Road Trip". Slate. Cyrchwyd December 16, 2012.

[3] Phipps, Keith (November 17, 2009). "The Easy Rider Road Trip". Slate. Cyrchwyd December 16, 2012.

[4] Howze, William (September 2, 2011). "Ford's consistent use of popular imagery in Western and Non-Western films". The Influence of Western Painting and Genre Painting on the Films of John Ford (arg. Revised). "Ford is popularly regarded as a director of westerns, the director who made John Wayne a star and made Monument Valley the locus for the myth of the American West. It was a reputation he encouraged. 'My name's John Ford -I make westerns', he once said by way of introduction.1 Among his most popular westerns are Staqecoach (1939), My Darlinq Clementine (1946), Fort Apache (1947), She Wore a Yellow Ribbon (1949), The Searchers (1956), and The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance (1962). "Western or non-western, Ford's films exhibit characteristics that transcend those categories. Critics have recognized Ford's preoccupation with the traditional values of home and country, whether the country is Ireland or the United States; they have characterized his heroes as loners, men disappointed with life in some way that is only implied; and they have enumerated the elements of a typical Ford film: Monument Valley, the Seventh Cavalry, a fight, a dance, a wedding, a funeral, and the members of the so-called John Ford Stock Company, actors who appeared again and again in his films: John Wayne, Victor McLaglen, Henry Fonda, Ward Bond, Olive Carey, Harry Carey, Jr., John Qualen, and Hank Worden among others.

[5] Punch, David A. (September 2, 2018). "Stagecoach: Defining the Western, How John Ford's 1939 western classic transformed the dying genre into the epitome of American cinema". Medium. "Monument Valley resides on the Utah-Arizona border, within the territory of the Navajo Reservation. Encompassing approximately 30,000 acres, the land is noteworthy for its incredible sandstone buttes, which reach as high as 1,000 ft. Realizing how magnificent the location would be for a western picture, resident Harry Goulding approached John Ford about shooting his next film there. After previewing the landscape through some pictures Goulding brought along with him, Ford was certain he wanted to film Stagecoach there. Some of the motivation for that was the remoteness of the location. Hundreds of miles away from any form of civilization, it certainly discouraged nosey producers from prying, though the natural beauty of the terrain was a deciding factor. It became his preferred location for shooting westerns; Ford favored its majesty over accuracy in films like My Darling Clementine (1946), set in Tombstone, Arizona, and The Searchers, which substitutes the location for practically everywhere the characters travel to. The expansive countryside embodied the untamed potential of the western frontier so vividly it has become the iconic image of the west. Ford’s discovery of Monument Valley was crucial in piecing together his image of the frontier — a vision which has become the defining portrait of the American West."

[6] Movshovitz, Howard (1984). "The Still Point: Women in the Westerns of John Ford". Frontiers: A Journal of Women Studies (University of Nebraska Press) 7: 68–72. doi:10.2307/3346245. JSTOR 3346245.

[7] "50 YEARS AGO, TWO ICONIC FILMS FEATURED MONUMENT VALLEY". 2017-06-05.

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