APP

APP
Strwythurau
PDB	Human UniProt search: PDBe RCSB
Rhestr o ddynodwyr PDB
	1AAP, 1AMB, 1AMC, 1AML, 1BA4, 1BA6, 1BJB, 1BJC, 1BRC, 1CA0, 1HZ3, 1IYT, 1MWP, 1OWT, 1QCM, 1QWP, 1QXC, 1QYT, 1TAW, 1TKN, 1X11, 1Z0Q, 1ZJD, 2BEG, 2BP4, 2FJZ, 2FK1, 2FK2, 2FK3, 2FKL, 2FMA, 2G47, 2IPU, 2LFM, 2LLM, 2LMN, 2LMO, 2LMP, 2LMQ, 2LOH, 2LP1, 2OTK, 2R0W, 2WK3, 2Y29, 2Y2A, 2Y3J, 2Y3K, 2Y3L, 3AYU, 3DXC, 3DXD, 3DXE, 3GCI, 3IFL, 3IFN, 3IFO, 3IFP, 3JTI, 3KTM, 3L33, 3L81, 3MOQ, 3NYL, 3SV1, 3U0T, 3UMH, 3UMI, 3UMK, 4HIX, 1ZE7, 1ZE9, 2LNQ, 2LZ3, 2LZ4, 2M4J, 2M9R, 2M9S, 2MGT, 2MJ1, 2MPZ, 2MVX, 2MXU, 3BAE, 3BKJ, 3JQ5, 3JQL, 3MXC, 3NYJ, 3OVJ, 3OW9, 4JFN, 4M1C, 4MDR, 4NGE, 4OJF, 4ONF, 4ONG, 4PQD, 4PWQ, 4MVI, 4MVK, 4MVL, 4XXD, 5CSZ, 5AMB, 5AEF, 5AM8, 5BUO, 5HOY, 5HOW, 5HOX, 5KK3, 5C67, 2NAO
Dynodwyr
Cyfenwau	APP, AAA, ABETA, ABPP, AD1, APPI, CTFgamma, CVAP, PN-II, PN2, amyloid beta precursor protein, preA4, alpha-sAPP
Dynodwyr allanol	OMIM: 104760 HomoloGene: 56379 GeneCards: APP
Patrwm RNA pattern
	; ; ; ;
	Rhagor o gyfeiriadau
Ontoleg y genyn
Gweithrediad moleciwlaidd	• heparin binding; • signaling receptor binding; • acetylcholine receptor binding; • metal ion binding; • enzyme binding; • peptidase activator activity; • peptidase inhibitor activity; • GO:0001948, GO:0016582 protein binding; • DNA binding; • growth factor receptor binding; • PTB domain binding; • serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity; • identical protein binding; • transition metal ion binding; • signaling receptor activator activity;
Cydrannau o'r gell	• cytoplasm; • endosome; • cytosol; • trans-Golgi network membrane; • bilen; • cell-cell junction; • synapse; • extracellular region; • ciliary rootlet; • spindle midzone; • neuron projection; • rough endoplasmic reticulum; • dendritic spine; • endosome lumen; • dendritic shaft; • cell surface; • terminal bouton; • membrane raft; • extracellular exosome; • integral component of membrane; • Golgi apparatus; • growth cone; • neuromuscular junction; • receptor complex; • Cellbilen; • apical part of cell; • astrocyte projection; • growth cone lamellipodium; • axon; • nuclear envelope lumen; • clathrin-coated pit; • platelet alpha granule lumen; • integral component of plasma membrane; • main axon; • smooth endoplasmic reticulum; • COPII-coated ER to Golgi transport vesicle; • growth cone filopodium; • GO:0016023 cytoplasmic vesicle; • extracellular space; • Golgi lumen; • perinuclear region of cytoplasm; • early endosome; • endoplasmic reticulum lumen; • Golgi-associated vesicle; • cell projection; • perikaryon; • presynaptic active zone; • recycling endosome; • cnewyllyn cell; • synaptic vesicle;
Prosesau biolegol	• cellular response to nerve growth factor stimulus; • amyloid fibril formation; • negative regulation of neuron differentiation; • neuromuscular process controlling balance; • protein phosphorylation; • regulation of epidermal growth factor-activated receptor activity; • cellular copper ion homeostasis; • neuron projection development; • cellular response to cAMP; • suckling behavior; • GO:0097285 apoptotic process; • locomotory behavior; • adult locomotory behavior; • positive regulation of mitotic cell cycle; • axo-dendritic transport; • GO:0001306 response to oxidative stress; • mRNA polyadenylation; • collateral sprouting in absence of injury; • ionotropic glutamate receptor signaling pathway; • Notch signaling pathway; • negative regulation of peptidase activity; • smooth endoplasmic reticulum calcium ion homeostasis; • synaptic assembly at neuromuscular junction; • neuron remodeling; • dendrite development; • extracellular matrix organization; • cholesterol metabolic process; • mating behavior; • cellular response to norepinephrine stimulus; • nervous system development; • cell adhesion; • response to lead ion; • regulation of gene expression; • positive regulation of G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle; • axon midline choice point recognition; • visual learning; • endocytosis; • axonogenesis; • regulation of multicellular organism growth; • platelet degranulation; • positive regulation of peptidase activity; • forebrain development; • regulation of protein binding; • regulation of translation; • regulation of synapse structure or activity; • GO:0006928 cellular process; • GO:0003257, GO:0010735, GO:1901228, GO:1900622, GO:1904488 positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; • negative regulation of endopeptidase activity; • response to yeast; • antibacterial humoral response; • antifungal humoral response; • innate immune response; • GO:0051636 defense response to Gram-negative bacterium; • GO:0051637 defense response to Gram-positive bacterium; • neuron apoptotic process; • positive regulation of protein phosphorylation; • astrocyte activation involved in immune response; • G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; • learning or memory; • learning; • negative regulation of cell population proliferation; • response to radiation; • GO:1901313 positive regulation of gene expression; • negative regulation of gene expression; • positive regulation of peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation; • microglia development; • regulation of Wnt signaling pathway; • positive regulation of protein binding; • tumor necrosis factor production; • positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation; • positive regulation of phosphorylation; • post-translational protein modification; • positive regulation of JNK cascade; • astrocyte activation; • regulation of long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity; • regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation; • synapse organization; • gwybyddiaeth; • positive regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activity; • positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity; • positive regulation of astrocyte activation; • positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade; • cellular response to copper ion; • cellular response to manganese ion; • modulation of excitatory postsynaptic potential; • regulation of spontaneous synaptic transmission; • negative regulation of long-term synaptic potentiation; • positive regulation of long-term synaptic potentiation; • positive regulation of NIK/NF-kappaB signaling; • positive regulation of amyloid-beta formation; • positive regulation of microglial cell activation; • cellular response to amyloid-beta; • negative regulation of low-density lipoprotein receptor activity; • regulation of presynapse assembly; • positive regulation of amyloid fibril formation; • neuron projection maintenance; • positive regulation of signaling receptor activity; • regulation of NMDA receptor activity; • positive regulation of T cell migration; • response to interleukin-1; • positive regulation of glycolytic process;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologau
	351
	n/a
	ENSG00000142192
	n/a
	P05067
	n/a
NM_201414; NM_000484; NM_001136016; NM_001136129; NM_001136130;
	NM_001136131; NM_001204301; NM_001204302; NM_001204303; NM_201413; NM_001385253
	n/a
NP_000475; NP_001129488; NP_001129601; NP_001129602; NP_001129603;
	NP_001191230; NP_001191231; NP_001191232; NP_958816; NP_958817
	n/a
	Wicidata
Gweld/Golygu Bod dynol

Protein sy'n cael ei godio yn y corff dynol gan y genyn APP yw APP a elwir hefyd yn Amyloid beta precursor protein (Saesneg). Segment o DNA yw'r genyn, sy'n amgodio ffwythiant arbennig. Mae'r genyn yma wedi ei leoli ar yr edefyn ôl o gromosom dynol 21, band 21q21.3.^[2]

Cyfystyron

Yn aml mae gan enynnau lawer o gyfystyron. Mae hyn oherwydd eu bod yn aml yn cael eu darganfod gan nifer o bobl mewn cyd-destunau gwahanol heb wybod mai'r un genynnau oeddyn nhw. Hefyd mae gan wahanol gymunedau gwyddonol safonau gwahanol ar gyfer enwi genynnau. Dyma restr o gyfystyron ar gyfer y genyn APP.

AAA
AD1
PN2
ABPP
APPI
CVAP
ABETA
PN-II
preA4
CTFgamma

Llyfryddiaeth

"Human Brain-Derived Aβ Oligomers Bind to Synapses and Disrupt Synaptic Activity in a Manner That Requires APP. ". J Neurosci. 2017. PMID 29101243.
"A mimotope of Aβ oligomers may also behave as a β-sheet inhibitor. ". FEBS Lett. 2017. PMID 28976547.
"Changes in lipid membranes may trigger amyloid toxicity in Alzheimer's disease. ". PLoS One. 2017. PMID 28767712.
"Structural studies of amyloid-β peptides: Unlocking the mechanism of aggregation and the associated toxicity. ". Biochimie. 2017. PMID 28751216.
"Sialylated glycosylphosphatidylinositols suppress the production of toxic amyloid-β oligomers.". Biochem J. 2017. PMID 28729427.

Cyfeiriadau

[1] "Human PubMed Reference:".

[2] APP - Cronfa NCBI

[2]

[1]