Proxima Centauri: Gwahaniaeth rhwng fersiynau
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[[Delwedd:New shot of Proxima Centauri, our nearest neighbour.jpg|bawd|250px|Proxima Centauri fel y'i gwelir gan delesgop Hubble]]
'''Proxima Centauri''' yw'r [[seren]] agosaf i [[Cysawd yr Haul|Gysawd yr Haul]], yn 4.2 [[blwyddyn golau]] i ffwrdd. Cafodd ei darganfod yn 1915 gan y seryddwr [[Robert Innes]], ac mae'n debyg ei bod yn gysylltiedig â'r sustem [[Alpha Centauri]], sydd yn cynnwys dwy seren, Alpha Centauri A ac Alpha Centauri B.
Yn 2016 darganfuwyd fod o leia un planed, [[Proxima Centauri b|Proxima b]], yn cylchdroi'r seren.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Knapton|first1=Sarah|title=Proxima b: Alien life could exist on 'second Earth' found orbiting our nearest star in Alpha Centauri system|url=Proxima b|website=[[The Daily Telegraph|The Telegraph]]|publisher=[[Telegraph Media Group]]|accessdate=24 Awst 2016|date=24 Awst 2016}}</ref> Nid oedd chwiliadau blaenorol am blanedau yn llwyddiannus, gan ddiystyru presenoldeb [[Corrach brown|corrachod brown]] a [[Cawr nwy|phlanedau anferthol]].<ref name="aaal344">{{cite journal
| author=Kürster, M.
| title=Precise radial velocities of Proxima Centauri. Strong constraints on a substellar companion
| journal=Astronomy & Astrophysics Letters
| date=1999 | volume=344 | pages=L5–L8
| arxiv=astro-ph/9903010
| bibcode=1999A&A...344L...5K
| display-authors=1
| last2=Hatzes
| first2=A. P.
| last3=Cochran
| first3=W. D.
| last4=Döbereiner
| first4=S.
| last5=Dennerl
| first5=K.
| last6=Endl
| first6=M.
}}</ref>
<ref name=apj119>{{cite journal
| last=Schroeder | first=Daniel J.
| author2=Golimowski, David A.
| author3=Brukardt, Ryan A.
| author4=Burrows, Christopher J.
| author5=Caldwell, John J.
| author6=Fastie, William G.
| author7=Ford, Holland C.
| author8=Hesman, Brigette
| author9=Kletskin, Ilona
| author10=Krist, John E.
| author11=Royle, Patricia
| author12=Zubrowski, Richard. A.
| display-authors=8
| title=A Search for Faint Companions to Nearby Stars Using the Wide Field Planetary Camera 2
| journal=The Astronomical Journal
| date=2000 | volume=119 | issue=2 | pages=906–922
| doi=10.1086/301227
| bibcode=2000AJ....119..906S }}</ref>
Mae arolygon manwl yn mesur cyflymder rheiddiol hefyd wedi diystyru planedau "Uwch-Ddaear" (''Super-Earths'') o fewn [[parth trigiadwy]] y seren.<ref name="aaa488">{{cite journal|title=Toward detection of terrestrial planets in the habitable zone of our closest neighbor: Proxima Centauri|author=Endl, M.|author2=Kürster, M.|last-author-amp=yes|date=2008|journal=[[Astronomy and Astrophysics]]|volume=488|issue=3|pages=1149–1153|doi=10.1051/0004-6361:200810058|bibcode=2008A&A...488.1149E|arxiv = 0807.1452 }}</ref> Fe fydd darganfod gwrthrychau llai yn dibynnu ar offer newydd, fel [[Telesgop Gofod James Webb]], sydd i'w lansio yn 2018.<ref name="numbers">{{cite web
| last=Watanabe | first=Susan | date=October 18, 2006
| url=http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/features.cfm?feature=1209
| title=Planet-Finding by Numbers | publisher = NASA JPL
| accessdate=July 9, 2007 }}</ref>
Oherwydd fod Proxima Centauri yn gorrach coch a seren ffagliol, mae dadl ynghylch a fyddai planed sy'n cylchdroi'r seren yn gallu cynnal bywyd.<ref name=tarter>{{cite journal
| author=Tarter
| title=A Reappraisal of The Habitability of Planets around M Dwarf Stars
| journal=[[Astrobiology (journal)|Astrobiology]] | date=2007 | volume=7 | issue=1
| pages=30–65 | doi=10.1089/ast.2006.0124
| pmid=17407403 | bibcode=2007AsBio...7...30T|arxiv = astro-ph/0609799
| name-list-format=vanc
| author2=Jill C.
| display-authors=2
| last3=Mancinelli
| first3=Rocco L.
| last4=Aurnou
| first4=Jonathan M.
| last5=Backman
| first5=Dana E.
| last6=Basri
| first6=Gibor S.
| last7=Boss
| first7=Alan P.
| last8=Clarke
| first8=Andrew
| last9=Deming
| first9=Drake }}</ref><ref name=Khodachenko>{{cite journal
| author=Khodachenko
| title=Coronal Mass Ejection (CME) Activity of Low Mass M Stars as An Important Factor for The Habitability of Terrestrial Exoplanets. I. CME Impact on Expected Magnetospheres of Earth-Like Exoplanets in Close-In Habitable Zones
| journal=Astrobiology | date=2007
| volume=7 | issue=1 | pages=167–184
| doi=10.1089/ast.2006.0127
| pmid=17407406
| bibcode=2007AsBio...7..167K
| name-list-format=vanc
| author2=Maxim L.
| display-authors=2
| last3=Lammer
| first3=Helmut
| last4=Grießmeier
| first4=Jean-Mathias
| last5=Leitner
| first5=Martin
| last6=Selsis
| first6=Franck
| last7=Eiroa
| first7=Carlos
| last8=Hanslmeier
| first8=Arnold
| last9=Biernat
| first9=Helfried K.
}}</ref> Er hynny, oherwydd ei agosrwydd i'r Ddaear, mae awgrym y gallai fod yn gyrchfan ar gyfer teithio rhyngserol.<ref name=gilster>{{cite book
| first=Paul | last=Gilster | date=2004
| title=Centauri Dreams: Imagining and Planning
| publisher=Springer | isbn=0-387-00436-X }}</ref>
{{eginyn seren}}
==Cyfeiriadau==
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