Ceir cofnod cynharaf o'r drefn mewn cronicl Almaeneg yn 1337 fel ''Tracken'' (sillefir hefyd yn ''Traken''). Daw hyn o'r gair [[Lithwaneg]] ''trakai'' (unigol: ''trakas'' yn golygu ''llannerch").
Ers cyfnod Cymanwlad Pwyl-Lithwania, adnebir y drefn fel ''Troki'' yn y [[Pwyleg|Bwyleg]]. Enwau eraill ar y dref yw ''Трака́й (Trakáj''; [[Belarwseg]]), ''Trok'' ([[Iddeweg]]),<ref name="Levin2000">{{cite book|author=Dov Levin|title=The Litvaks: a short history of the Jews in Lithuania|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=p3xqMEseAQwC&pg=PA23|accessdate=23 MarchMawrth 2011|date=OctoberHydref 2000|publisher=Berghahn Books|isbn=978-1-57181-264-3|page=23}}</ref> Troky, and Traki.<ref name="SingerAdler1912">{{cite book|author1=Isidore Singer|author2=Cyrus Adler|title=The Jewish encyclopedia: a descriptive record of the history, religion, literature, and customs of the Jewish people from the earliest times to the present day|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=h_w1swDm2DMC&pg=PA264|accessdateaccess-date=23 MarchMawrth 2011|year=1912|publisher=Funk and Wagnalls|page=264}}</ref><ref name="KaufmannKaufmann2004">{{cite book|author1=J. E. Kaufmann|author2=H. W. Kaufmann|author3=Robert M. Jurga|title=The medieval fortress: castles, forts and walled cities of the Middle Ages|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TUNauRscYQUC&pg=PA263|accessdate=23 MarchMawrth 2011|date=13 AprilEbrill 2004|publisher=Da Capo Press|isbn=978-0-306-81358-0|page=263}}</ref><ref name="Minahan2002">{{cite book|author=James Minahan|title=Encyclopedia of the Stateless Nations: D-K|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=d2WcCIm6WaQC&pg=PA916|accessdate=24 March 2011|year=2002|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=978-0-313-32110-8|page=916}}</ref>
