Iesu: Gwahaniaeth rhwng fersiynau
Cynnwys wedi'i ddileu Cynnwys wedi'i ychwanegu
Dafyddt (sgwrs | cyfraniadau) B Wedi gwrthdroi golygiadau gan 37.73.11.91 (Sgwrs); wedi adfer y golygiad diweddaraf gan Craigysgafn. Tagiau: Gwrthdroi |
Wedi ychwanegu ffynonellau ar gyfer cred y gwahanol grwpiau a'u gwneud yn gliriaich i adlewyrchu'r gred academaidd bresennol. |
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Llinell 2:
'''Iesu o [[Nasareth (Galilea)|Nasareth]]''' (c. 6CC - c. 27), a elwir hefyd '''Iesu''' (neu '''Isa''' gan Fwslimiaid; '''Iesu Grist''' neu '''Crist''' gan Gristnogion), yw'r unigolyn canolog mewn [[Cristnogaeth]]. Mae'n golygu gwahanol bethau i wahanol bobl:
* Mae Cristnogion yn credu mai ef oedd unig Fab [[Duw]]. Yn ogystal, mae'r rhan fwyaf ohonynt yn credu mai ef oedd Duw ei hunan, sef ail Berson y Drindod wedi'i [[Ymgnawdoliad|ymgnawdoli]] fel dyn.<ref>"Who is Jesus? What Do Christians Believe?" Johns Hopkins University. Graduate Christian Fellowship. [http://jhu.edu/gcf/beliefs.html#J] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130304063444/http://www.jhu.edu/gcf/beliefs.html#J|date=2013-03-04}} 1 May 2013</ref>
* Mae [[Islam|Mwslemiaid]] yn credu ei fod yn broffwyd Duw, yn olynydd i [[Abraham|Ibrahim]] a [[Moses]] ac yn rhagflaenydd i'r Proffwyd [[Mohamed]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Glassé|first=Cyril|title=The new encyclopedia of Islam, with introduction by Huston Smith|year=2001|publisher=AltaMira Press|location=Walnut Creek, CA|isbn=9780759101906|page=239|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=focLrox-frUC&pg=PA240|edition=Édition révisée.}}</ref><ref>[[The Oxford Dictionary of Islam]], p.158</ref>
* Mae'r rhan helaeth o academyddion yn credu mai person go iawn oedd ef.<ref name="Ehrman285">In a 2011 review of the state of modern scholarship, [[Bart Ehrman]] (a secular agnostic) wrote: "He certainly existed, as virtually every competent scholar of antiquity, Christian or non-Christian, agrees" B. Ehrman, 2011 ''Forged : writing in the name of God'' {{ISBN|978-0-06-207863-6}}. p. 285</ref><ref>[[Robert M. Price]] (an atheist who denies the existence of Jesus) agrees that this perspective runs against the views of the majority of scholars: Robert M. Price "Jesus at the Vanishing Point" in ''The Historical Jesus: Five Views'' edited by James K. Beilby & Paul Rhodes Eddy, 2009 InterVarsity, {{ISBN|028106329X}} p. 61</ref><ref name="GrantMajority">[[Michael Grant (author)|Michael Grant]] (a [[classicist]]) states that "In recent years, 'no serious scholar has ventured to postulate the non historicity of Jesus' or at any rate very few, and they have not succeeded in disposing of the much stronger, indeed very abundant, evidence to the contrary." in ''Jesus: An Historian's Review of the Gospels'' by Michael Grant 2004 {{ISBN|1898799881}} p. 200</ref><ref>[[Robert M. Price]] (a Christian atheist) who denies the existence of Jesus agrees that this perspective runs against the views of the majority of scholars: Robert M. Price "Jesus at the Vanishing Point" in ''The Historical Jesus: Five Views'' edited by James K. Beilby & Paul Rhodes Eddy, 2009 InterVarsity, {{ISBN|0830838686}} p. 61</ref><ref>''Jesus Now and Then'' by Richard A. Burridge and Graham Gould (April 1, 2004) {{ISBN|0802809774}} p. 34</ref>{{refn|Dywed [[Richard A. Burridge]]: "There are those who argue that Jesus is a figment of the Church’s imagination, that there never was a Jesus at all. I have to say that I do not know any respectable critical scholar who says that anymore."{{sfn|Burridge|2004|p=34}}|group=note|name="Burridge34"}} Maent yn ei weld fel athro crefyddol [[Iddewon|Iddewig]] ond nid ydynt yn credu bod y [[gwyrth]]iau sydd yn gysylltiedig â'i fywyd wedi digwydd.
* Mae rhai yn cwestiynu a oedd Iesu Grist yn berson go iawn ac yn meddwl mai ffrwyth dychymyg ei ddisgyblion cynnar oedd ef. Er hyn, damcaniaeth ymylol yw hon nad yw'n cael ei chredu gan braidd dim ysgolheigion.{{sfnp|Van Voorst|2003|pp=658, 660}}{{sfn|Fox|2005|p=48}}{{sfnp|Burridge|Gould|2004|p=34}}<ref name="Ehrman Blog">{{cite web|last=Ehrman|first=Bart|authorlink=Bart D. Ehrman|title=Fuller Reply to Richard Carrier|url=https://ehrmanblog.org/fuller-reply-to-richard-carrier/|website=The Bart Ehrman Blog|accessdate=2 May 2018|date=25 April 2012}}</ref><!--**START OF NOTE**-->{{refn|The Christ myth theory is rejected by mainstream scholarship:
* [[Robert E. Van Voorst]], referring to G.A. Wells: "The nonhistoricity thesis has always been controversial, and it has consistently failed to convince scholars of many disciplines and religious creeds... Biblical scholars and classical historians now regard it as effectively refuted".<ref name=voorst16>{{cite book|author=Robert E. Van Voorst|title=Jesus Outside the New Testament: An Introduction to the Ancient Evidence|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lwzliMSRGGkC|year=2000|publisher=Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing|isbn=978-0-8028-4368-5}}</ref>
* While discussing the "striking" fact that "we don't have any Roman records, of any kind, that attest to the existence of Jesus," Ehrman dismisses claims that this means Jesus never existed, saying, "He certainly existed, as virtually every competent scholar of antiquity, Christian or non-Christian, agrees, based on clear and certain evidence."<ref name="Ehrman2011">{{cite book|author=Bart D. Ehrman|title=Forged: Writing in the Name of God – Why the Bible's Authors Are Not Who We Think They Are|url=https://archive.org/details/forged_ehrm_2011_000_10544376|url-access=registration|date=2011|publisher=HarperCollins|pages= [https://archive.org/details/forged_ehrm_2011_000_10544376/page/n298 285]|isbn=978-0-06-207863-6}}</ref>
* [[Robert M. Price]], a former fundamentalist apologist who is now a [[Christian atheism|Christian atheist]], says the existence of Jesus cannot be ruled out, but is less probable than non-existence, agrees that his perspective runs against the views of the majority of scholars.<ref name="Dunn2010">{{cite book|author=James Douglas Grant Dunn|authorlink=James Dunn (theologian)|title=The Historical Jesus: Five Views|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DtRhzgAACAAJ|date=2010|publisher=[[SPCK Publishing]] |pages= 61|isbn=978-0-281-06329-1}}</ref>
* [[Michael Grant (author)|Michael Grant]], a [[classicist]], states: "In recent years, 'no serious scholar has ventured to postulate the non historicity of Jesus,' or at any rate very few, and they have not succeeded in disposing of the much stronger, indeed very abundant, evidence to the contrary."<ref name="Grant2004">{{cite book|author=Michael Grant|title=Jesus|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zVUxICZlgYIC|date=2004|publisher=Orion|pages= 200|isbn=978-1-898799-88-7}}</ref>
* "There are those who argue that Jesus is a figment of the Church’s imagination, that there never was a Jesus at all. I have to say that I do not know any respectable critical scholar who says that any more."<ref name="BurridgeGould2004">{{cite book|author1=Richard A. Burridge|author2=Graham Gould|title=Jesus Now and Then|url=https://archive.org/details/jesusnowthen0000burr|url-access=registration|year=2004|publisher=William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company|pages= [https://archive.org/details/jesusnowthen0000burr/page/34 34]|isbn=978-0-8028-0977-3}}</ref>
* [[Maurice Casey]], an irreligious Emeritus Professor of New Testament Languages and Literature at the [[University of Nottingham]], concludes in his book ''Jesus: Evidence and Argument or Mythicist Myths?'' that "the whole idea that Jesus of Nazareth did not exist as a historical figure is verifiably false. Moreover, it has not been produced by anyone or anything with any reasonable relationship to critical scholarship. It belongs to the fantasy lives of people who used to be fundamentalist Christians. They did not believe in critical scholarship then, and they do not do so now. I cannot find any evidence that any of them have adequate professional qualifications."<ref>{{cite book|last=Casey|first=Maurice|date=2014|title=Jesus: Evidence and Argument or Mythicist Myths?|url=https://books.google.com/?id=YTFiAgAAQBAJ |location=New York City, New York and London, England|publisher=Bloomsbury Academic|isbn=978-0-56744-762-3|page=243|ref=harv}}</ref>
* Bockmuel: "[F]arfetched theories that Jesus' existence was a Christian invention are highly implausible."<ref name="Bockmuehl2001">{{cite book|author=Markus Bockmuehl|title=The Cambridge Companion to Jesus|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vSehrtQpcYcC|date=2001|publisher=Cambridge University Press|pages =123–124|isbn=978-0-521-79678-1}}</ref>|group=note|name="ahistoricity"}}<!--**END OF NOTE**-->
== Hanes Iesu Grist yn ôl y traddodiad Cristnogol ==
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