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Americanwyr Almaenig

Dinasyddion yr Unol Daleithiau gyda'u llinach yn tarddu o'r Almaen yw'r Americanwyr Almaenig, a gaent eu disgrifio fel Almaenig-Americanaidd (Almaeneg Deutschamerikaner). Hon yw'r grŵp llinach mwyaf yn nemograffeg yr Unol Daleithiau, gan gyfrif 17% o'r boblogaeth yn bresennol.[1] Cyrhaeddodd yr Almaenwyr cyntaf i'r Unol Daleithiau mewn niferoedd arwyddocaol i Efrog Newydd a Pennsylvania yn yr 1680au. Mae tua 8 miliwn o fewnfudwyr wedi myned i'r Unol Daleithiau ers hynny.

Cymunedau Almaenig Americanaidd golygu

 
Mae Americanwyr Almaenig yn gyffredin yr yr U.D. Mae glas golau'n dangos y swyddi lle mae pobl o linach Almaenig yn ffurfio iamlblwyfaeth.

Erbyn hyn, mae'r rhan fwyaf o'r Americanwyr Almaenig wedi cymhathu i'r pwynt lle nad ydynt yn byw mewn cymunedau y gellir eu hadnabodd fel rhai Almaenig Americanaidd ond mae dal nifer o ardaloedd metropolaidd lle ceir y rhan fwyaf o genediglwydd Almaenig, megis Detroit, Chicago, Dinas Kansas, Cleveland, Indianapolis, Minneapolis-St. Paul, St. Louis, Cincinnati, Louisville; Richmond, Virginia; a Milwaukee.

Mae'r rhestr ganlynol yn dangos y cymdogaethau a oedd yn rhai Almaenig yn hanesyddol. Mae'r rhestr yn canolbwyntio ar ardaloedd dinesig a gwledig rhwng gorllewin New Jersey ac Efrog Newydd Upstate i'r Great Plains a oedd, neu sydd yn dal yn, Almanenig yn bennaf.

Ffynonellau golygu

  • Colman J. Barry, The Catholic Church and German Americans. (1953)
  • Angus Baxter, In Search of Your German Roots. The Complete Guide to Tracing Your Ancestors in the Germanic Areas of Europe. Fourth Edition (2001)
  • Thomas Cochran, The Pabst Brewing Company: The History of an American Business (1948)
  • Carol K. Coburn, Life at Four Corners: Religion, Gender, and Education in a German-Lutheran Community, 1868–1945 (1992).
  • Kathleen Neils Conzen, Germans in Minnesota (2003)
  • Dobbert, Guido .A. "German-Americans between New and Old Fatherland, 1870–1914". American Quarterly 19 ( 1967): 663-80. In JSTOR
  • Ellis, M. and P. Panayi. "German Minorities in World War I: A Comparative Study of Britain and the USA." Ethnic and Racial Studies 17 ( April 1994): 238-59.
  • Albert Bernhardt Faust. The German Element in the United States with Special Reference to Its Political, Moral, Social, and Educational Influence 2 vol (1909)]
  • Jon Gjerde, The Minds of the West: Ethnocultural Evolution in the Rural Middle West, 1830–1917 (1997)
  • Gleason, Philip. The Conservative Reformers: American Catholics and the Social Order. (1968)
  • Iverson, Noel. Germania, U.S.A.: Social Change in New Ulm, Minnesota. (1966), emphasizes Turners
  • Jensen, Richard. The Winning of the Midwest, Social and Political Conflict 1888–1896" (1971), focus on voting behavior of Germans, prohibition issue, language issue and school issue
  • Johnson, Hildegard B. "The Location of German Immigrants in the Middle West". Annals of the Association of American Geographers 41 (1951): 1–41. in JSTOR
  • Jordon, Terry G. German Seed in Texas Soil: Immigrant Farmers in Nineteenth-century Texas. (1966)
  • Kazal, Russell A. Becoming Old Stock: The Paradox of German-American Identity (2004) ethnicity and assimilation in 20c Philadelphia
  • Kazal, Russell A. "Revisiting Assimilation: The Rise, Fall, and Reappraisal of a Concept." American Historical Review 100 (1995): 437-71. in JSTOR
  • Luebke, Frederick C. Bonds of Loyalty: German Americans During World War I. (1974)
  • Luebke, Frederick C. ed. Ethnic Voters and the Election of Lincoln (1971)
  • Luebke, Frederick. Immigrants and Politics: the Germans of Nebraska, 1880–1900. (1969)
  • O'Connor, Richard. German-Americans: an Informal History. (1968), popular
  • Henry A. Pochmann, and Arthur R. Schultz; German Culture in America, 1600–1900: Philosophical and Literary Influences (1957)
  • Roeber, A. G. Palatines, Liberty, and Property: German Lutherans in Colonial British America (1998)
  • Tatlock, Lynne and Matt Erlin, eds. German Culture in Nineteenth-Century America: Reception, Adaptation, Transformation (2005)
  • Thernstrom, Stephan ed. Harvard Encyclopedia of American Ethnic Groups (1973)
  • Tischauser, Leslie V. The Burden of Ethnicity The German Question in Chicago, 1914–1941 1990.
  • Tolzmann, Don H., ed. German Americans in the World Wars, vols. 1 and 2. Munich, Germany: K.G. Saur, 1995.
  • Don Heinrich Tolzmann, The German-American Experience (2000)
  • Carl Frederick Wittke, The German-Language Press in America (1957)
  • Carl Wittke, Refugees of Revolution: The German Forty-Eighters in America (1952)
  • Carl Wittke, We Who Built America: The Saga of the Immigrant (1939), ch 6, 9
  • Wood, Ralph, ed. The Pennsylvania Germans. (1942)
  • Catholic Encyclopedia article
  • Reasons Germans Came to America Archifwyd 2017-06-26 yn y Peiriant Wayback.
  1. ↑  United States Census Bureau (2007-04-15). US demographic census.; Cyfrifiad 2000 - 15.2% neu 42.8 miliwn. Cyfrifiad 1990 - 23.3% neu 57.9 miliwn.

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