Sergei Rachmaninoff
Roedd Sergei Vasilyevich Rachmaninoff (1 Ebrill 1873 – 28 Mawrth 1943) yn gyfansoddwr, arweinydd a phianydd o Rwsia. Roedd Rachmaninoff yn gyfansoddwr gwych yn y cyfnod rhamantaidd. Mae Rachmaninoff hefyd yn enwog am ei ddwylo anferth a'i allu i ganu'r piano.
Sergei Rachmaninoff | |
---|---|
Ganwyd | Сергей Васильевич Рахманинов 1 Ebrill 1873 Starorussky Uyezd |
Bu farw | 28 Mawrth 1943 o melanoma Beverly Hills |
Dinasyddiaeth | Rwsia |
Alma mater | |
Galwedigaeth | cyfansoddwr, pianydd, arweinydd, cerddolegydd, meistr ar ei grefft |
Cyflogwr | |
Adnabyddus am | Symphony No. 1, All-Night Vigil, Piano Concerto No. 2, Prelude in C-sharp minor, Pyrrique, Scherzo in D minor, Piano Concerto No. 1, Prince Rostislav, Suite No. 1, Morceaux de salon, Morceaux de salon, Études-Tableaux |
Arddull | opera, symffoni, cerddoriaeth glasurol |
Mudiad | cerddoriaeth ramantus |
Tad | Vasily Arkadyevich Rachmaninoff |
Mam | Lyubov Petrovna Butakova |
Priod | Natalia Satina |
Plant | Irene Sergievna Rachmaninoff |
Gwobr/au | Medal Aur Cymdeithas y Royal Philharmonic |
Gwefan | https://www.rachmaninoff.org |
llofnod | |
Bywgraffiad
golyguCafodd ei eni yn Semyonovo ger Novgorod[1] yng Ngogledd-orllewin Rwsia yn 1873. Roedd ei rieni yn chwarae'r piano, a threfnwyd gwersi piano iddo yn St Petersburg a Moscfa.
Tra roedd dal yn ddisgybl, ysgrifenodd opera fer o'r enw Aleko. Fe wnaeth hefyd gyfansoddi rhai darnau piano gan gynnwys ' Prelude in C sharp minor '. Roedd perfformiad cyntaf Symffoni rhif 1 yn 1897 yn hunllef. Credir fod Glazunov yr arweinydd wedi meddwi yn ystod y perfformiad.
Yn 1902, priododd Rachmaninoff ei gyfnither Natalia Alexandrovna Satina.
Ar ôl chwyldro Rwsia, symudodd Rachmaninoff a'i deulu i America. Bu farw yn Beverly Hills, Califfornia yn 1943.[2]
Cerddoriaeth
golyguCyfansoddodd Rachmaninoff lawer o ddarnau ar gyfer gwahanol offerynnau, pedwar concerto i biano a thair symffoni. Ei gyfansoddiadau mwyaf adnabyddus heddiw yw ei ail Concerto i'r piano, a'i ail Symffoni.
Opus | Teitl | Offeryn/nau | Dyddiad cwblhau |
---|---|---|---|
Scherzo in D minor | Cerddorfa | 1887 | |
Manfred | 1891, lost | ||
Suite in D minor | 1891 | ||
Youth Symphony, unfinished | |||
Prince Rostislav | |||
7 | The Rock | 1893 | |
Two Don Juan Episodes | 1894, lost | ||
12 | Caprice bohémien | 1894 | |
13 | Symphony No. 1 | 1895 | |
27 | Symphony No. 2 | 1908 | |
29 | Isle of the Dead | ||
44 | Symphony No. 3 | 1936 | |
45 | Symphonic Dances | 1940 | |
Romance in A minor | Ffidil a Piano | 1885 | |
String Quartet No. 1 | Dwy ffidil, Fiola, a Sielo | 1890? | |
Lied in F minor | Sielo a Piano | 1890 | |
Mélodie on a Theme of Rachmaninoff | Ffidil neu Sielo a Piano | 1890? | |
Trio élégiaque No. 1 | Ffidil, Sielo, a Piano | 1892 | |
2 | Two Pieces (Prelude, Danse orientale) | Sielo a Piano | |
6 | Morceaux de salon (Romance, Danse hongroise) | Ffidil a Piano | 1893 |
9 | Trio élégiaque No. 2 | Piano, Ffidil a Sielo | 1893, revised 1906 (Boosey & Hawkes ed.), 1913 (modern Russian ed.) |
String Quartet No. 2 | Dwy ffidil, Fiola, a Sielo | 1896? | |
19 | Cello Sonata | Sielo a Piano | 1901 |
Concerto in C minor, projected | Piano a cherddorfa | 1889 | |
1 | Piano Concerto No. 1 in F♯ minor | 1891, revised 1917 | |
18 | Piano Concerto No. 2 in C minor | 1901 | |
30 | Piano Concerto No. 3 in D minor | 1909 | |
40 | Piano Concerto No. 4 in G minor | 1926, revised 1941 | |
43 | Rhapsody on a Theme of Paganini | 1934 | |
Étude in F♯ major [lost] | Piano | 1886? | |
Song Without Words in D minor | 1887? | ||
Lento in D minor | 1887? | ||
Four Pieces
|
1887 | ||
Three Nocturnes
|
1887/88 | ||
Piece (Canon) in E minor | 1891 | ||
Fugue in D minor | |||
Prelude in F major | |||
3 | Morceaux de fantaisie
|
1892 | |
10 | Morceaux de salon
|
1894 | |
Four Improvisations (with Arensky, Glazunov, Taneyev) | 1896 | ||
16 | Six moments musicaux
| ||
Morceau de Fantaisie in G minor | 1899 | ||
Fughetta in F major | |||
22 | Variations on a Theme of Chopin | 1903 | |
23 | Ten Preludes
| ||
28 | Piano Sonata No. 1 | 1908 | |
32 | Thirteen Preludes
|
1910 | |
33 | Études-Tableaux
|
1911 | |
36 | Piano Sonata No. 2 | 1913, revised 1931 | |
39 | Études-Tableaux
|
1916 | |
Four Pieces
|
1917 | ||
42 | Variations on a Theme of Corelli | 1931 | |
Two Pieces (Valse, Romance) | Piano - Chwech llaw | 1891 | |
Russian Rhapsody | Dau Piano | ||
5 | Suite No. 1 (or Fantaisie-Tableaux for two pianos) | 1893 | |
17 | Suite No. 2 | 1901 | |
11 | Six Morceaux
|
Deuawd Piano | 1894 |
Romance in G major | 1894? | ||
Polka Italienne | 1906? | ||
Transcription of Tchaikovsky: Manfred Symphony | Deuawd Piano | 1886, lost | |
Transcription of Tchaikovsky: The Sleeping Beauty | 1891 | ||
Transcription of Glazunov: Symphony No. 6 | 1896 | ||
Paraphrase of Bizet: Minuet from L'Arlésienne | Piano | 1900, revised 1922 | |
Transcription of Franz Behr: Lachtäubchen, Op. 303 (published as Polka de W.R.) | 1911 | ||
Transcription of John Stafford Smith: The Star-Spangled Banner | 1918 | ||
Cadenza for Liszt: Hungarian Rhapsody No. 2 | 1919 | ||
Paraphrase of Kreisler: Liebesleid | 1921 | ||
Paraphrase of Mussorgsky: Gopak from The Fair at Sorochyntsi | 1923 | ||
Paraphrase of Schubert: Wohin? (D795/2) | 1925 | ||
Paraphrase of Kreisler: Liebesfreud | |||
Paraphrase of Mussorgsky: Gopak from The Fair at Sorochyntsi | Piano a Ffidil | 1926 | |
Paraphrase of Rimsky-Korsakov: Flight of the Bumblebee | Piano | 1929 | |
Paraphrase of Mendelssohn: Scherzo from the Incidental music to Shakespeare's A Midsummer Night's Dream | 1933 | ||
Paraphrase of Bach: movements from Partita No. 3 in E major for unaccompanied violin (BWV 1006) | 1933 or 1934 | ||
Paraphrase of Tchaikovsky: Lullaby (Cradle Song Op.16, No.1) | 1941 | ||
Esmeralda, projected | Opera | 1888 | |
Aleko (Rwsieg: Алеко) | 1892 | ||
24 | The Miserly Knight (Rwsieg: Скупой рыцарь) | 1904 | |
25 | Francesca da Rimini (Rwsieg: Франческа да Римини) | 1905 | |
Salammbô, projected | 1906 | ||
Monna Vanna, unfinished | 1908 | ||
Deus Meus | Côr cymysg chwech rhan | 1890? | |
O Mother of God Perpetually Praying: a Choral Concerto in G minor | Côr Cymysg | 1893 | |
Chorus of Spirits | 1894? | ||
Song of the Nightingale | Côr cymysg pedwar rhan a piano | 1894? | |
15 | Six Choruses for Women's or Children's Voices
|
Côr menywod neu blant | 1895 |
Panteley the Healer | Côr Cymysg | 1899 | |
20 | Spring, cantata | Unawd bariton, Côr a cherddorfa | 1902 |
31 | Liturgy of St. John Chrysostom | Côr | 1910 |
35 | The Bells | Unawdwyr lleisiol, côr, a cherddorfa | 1913 |
37 | All-Night Vigil | Côr | 1915 |
41 | Three Russian Songs | Côr a cherddorfa | 1927 |
"Again you are Bestirred, my Heart" | Llais a Piano | 1890 or 1893 | |
"At the Gates of the Holy Cloister" | 1890 | ||
Two monologues from Boris Godunov, opera gan Mussorgsky | 1891? | ||
"C'était en avril" | 1891 | ||
"Dusk was Falling" | |||
4 | Six Songs
|
1890–1893 | |
"Song of the Disenchanted," | 1893? | ||
"Do you Remember the Evening?" | 1893? | ||
"The Flower Died" | 1893 | ||
8 | Six Songs
| ||
14 | Twelve Songs
|
1896 | |
"Were you Hiccupping?" | 1899 | ||
"Night" | 1900 | ||
21 | Twelve Songs
|
1902 | |
26 | Fifteen Songs
|
1906 | |
"Letter to Stanislavsky" | 1908 | ||
34 | Fourteen Songs
|
1912 | |
"Vocalise" | 1915[3] | ||
"From the Gospel of St. John" | |||
"Prayer" | 1916 | ||
"All Things Wish to Sing" | |||
38 | Six Songs
|
Cyfeiriadau
golygu- ↑ "Composer Biography: Sergei Rachmaninoff". www.boosey.com. Cyrchwyd 24 Ionawr 2024.
- ↑ The Oxford Companion to Music. gol. Alison Latham.
- ↑ Rahmer, Dominik (24 June 2014). "Sergei Rachmaninoff's "Vocalise"". www.henle.de/blog. Cyrchwyd 24 Ionawr 2024.