Yng Nghemeg, cyfansoddyn organig sydd â'r grŵp gweithredol hydrocsyl (-OH) wedi ei fondio i atom Carbon grŵp alcyl yw alcohol.

Alcohol
Enghraifft o'r canlynoldosbarth strwythurol cyfansoddion cemegol Edit this on Wikidata
Mathorganic hydroxy compound, organooxygen compound Edit this on Wikidata
Rhan oalcohol binding, alcohol metabolic process, alcohol catabolic process, alcohol biosynthetic process, response to alcohol, cellular response to alcohol, alcohol transmembrane transporter activity, alcohol O-cinnamoyltransferase activity, peroxiredoxin activity, beta-glucuronidase activity, glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase activity, carboxylic ester hydrolase activity, 6-phospho-beta-galactosidase activity, alpha-L-fucosidase activity, alcohol sulfotransferase activity, alpha-glucuronidase activity, fusarinine-C ornithinesterase activity, beta-primeverosidase activity, 2-deoxyglucosidase activity, thioredoxin-dependent peroxiredoxin activity, alkylhydroperoxide reductase activity Edit this on Wikidata
Yn cynnwysHydrocsyl Edit this on Wikidata
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Fformiwla cyffredinol alcohol

Ffurfio alcohol

golygu

Ffurfio halogenoalcanau

golygu

Gellir paratio alcoholau cynradd ac eilaidd o halogenoalcanau drwy amnewid niwcleoffilig.

R-X + OH- → R-OH + X-

lle mae X yn grwp gweithredol halogen.

Cyfansoddion carbonyl

golygu

Gellir ffurfio alcohol cynradd trwy rydwytho asid carbocsylig neu aldehyd. Defnyddir yr asiantau rhydwytho Lithiwm tetrahydrido alwminad (LiAlH4) neu Sodiwm tetrahydridoborad (NaBH4).

Asid carbocsyligRhydwythoAldehydRhydwytho→ Alcohol Cynradd

  Eginyn erthygl sydd uchod am gemeg. Gallwch helpu Wicipedia drwy ychwanegu ato.
Chwiliwch am alcohol
yn Wiciadur.