Rockies
Mynyddoedd sy'n ymestyn ar hyd ochr orllewinol Gogledd America yw'r Rockies[1] neu'n achlysurol Mynyddoedd Creigiog[2] (Saesneg: Rocky Mountains). Maent yn ymestyn am dros 4,800 km (3,000 o filltiroedd) o ran ogleddol British Columbia, Canada, hyd New Mexico yn yr Unol Daleithiau. Y mynydd uchaf yw Mynydd Elbert, Colorado, sy'n 4,401 m (14,440 troedfedd) o uchder. I'r dwyrain o'r Rockies mae'r Gwastadeddau Mawr.
Math | mynyddoedd nad ydynt yn gysylltiedig, yn ddaearegol |
---|---|
Daearyddiaeth | |
Sir | British Columbia, Alberta, Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, Utah, Colorado, Mecsico Newydd |
Gwlad | Canada, Unol Daleithiau America |
Uwch y môr | 4,401 metr |
Cyfesurynnau | 44.5°N 113.5°W |
Hyd | 3,000 cilometr |
Cyfnod daearegol | Cretasaidd, Cyn-Gambriaidd |
Cadwyn fynydd | American Cordillera |
Deunydd | craig fetamorffig, craig igneaidd, craig waddodol |
Dyma'r system fynyddoedd fwyaf yng Ngogledd America. Mae ei bwynt mwyaf deheuol ger ardal Albuquerque ger Basn Rio Grande.
Ffurfiwyd y Rockies 80 miliwn i 55 miliwn o flynyddoedd yn ôl (Cyn y Presennol) yn ystod y Cretasaidd Hwyr, pan ddechreuodd nifer o blatiau tectonig lithro o dan blât Gogledd America. Roedd ongl y subduction yn fas, gan arwain at gadwyn eang o fynyddoedd yn codi ar hyd gorllewin Gogledd America. Ers hynny, mae gweithgaredd tectonig pellach ac erydiad gan rewlifoedd wedi cerflunio'r Rockies yn gopaon a chymoedd dramatig. Ar ddiwedd yr oes iâ ddiwethaf (Rhewlifiant Cwaternaidd) dechreuodd bodau dynol fyw yn y mynyddoedd hyn. Ar ôl i Ewropeaid fel Syr Alexander Mackenzie, a Lewis a Clark archwilio'r gadwen, ecsbloitiwyd y mynydoedd o'u hadnoddau naturiol ee mwynau a ffwr ond ni chafwyd gor-drefoli yma erioed.
O'r 100 copa uchaf ym Mynyddoedd y Rockies, mae 78 (gan gynnwys y 30 uchaf) wedi'u lleoli yn nhalaith Colorado, deg yn Wyoming, chwech ym Mecsico Newydd, tri yn Montana, ac un yn Utah. Amddiffyn llawer o'r mynyddoedd gan barciau cyhoeddus a choedwigoedd ac maent yn gyrchfannau poblogaidd i dwristiaid, yn enwedig ar gyfer heicio, gwersylla, mynydda, pysgota, hela, beicio mynydd, cysgodi eira, sgïo ac eirafyrddio.
Geirdarddiad
golyguMae enw'r mynyddoedd yn gyfieithiad o enw Amerindiaidd yr iaith Cree as-sin-wati fel, "O edrych arnyn nhw o bob rhan o'r paith, mae nhw'n edrych fel lympiau creigiog". Cofnodwyd yr enw am y tro cyntaf yn y Ffrangeg, yng nghyfnodolyn Jacques Legardeur de Saint-Pierre ym 1752, lle cawsant eu galw'n "Montagnes de Roche".[3][4]
Daearyddiaeth
golyguY Rockies yw'r rhan fwyaf dwyreiniol o Gordillera Gogledd America. Fe'u diffinnir yn aml fel mynyddoedd sy'n ymestyn o Afon Liard yn British Columbia[5] i'r de i flaenddyfroedd Afon Pecos, un o lednentydd y Rio Grande, yn Mecsico Newydd. Mae'r Rockies yn amrywio o ran lled o 70 i 300 milltir (110 – 480 km). Mae'r Rockies yn cynnwys y copaon uchaf yng nghanol Gogledd America, a chopa uchaf yr ystod yw Mount Elbert yn Colorado sy'n 14,440 troedfedd (4,401 metr) uwch lefel y môr. Mynydd Robson yn British Columbia, sy'n 12,972 troedfedd yw copa uchaf Rockies Canada.
Mae ymyl ddwyreiniol y Rockies yn codi'n ddramatig uwchben Gwastadeddau Mewnol canol Gogledd America, gan gynnwys Mynyddoedd Sangre de Cristo ym Mecsico Newydd a Colorado, Bryniau Blaen Colorado, Bryniau Afon Gwynt a Mynyddoedd Big Horn Wyoming, mynyddoedd yr Absaroka - Beartooth a Rocky Mountain Front ym Montana a Mynyddoedd Clark yn Alberta.
Mae canol y Rockies yn cynnwys Bryniau La Sal ar hyd ffin Utah -Colorado, Bryniau Uinta Utah a Wyoming, a Mynyddoedd Teton Wyoming ac Idaho.
Mae ymyl orllewinol y Rockies yn cynnwys ystodau fel y Wasatch ger Salt Lake City, Mynyddoedd San Juan ym Mecsico Newydd a Colorado, y Bitterroots ar hyd ffin Idaho-Montana, a'r Sawtoothiaid yng nghanol Idaho. M
Yng Nghanada, mae ymyl orllewinol y Rockies yn cael ei ffurfio gan Ffos y Rockies, sy'n rhedeg ar hyd British Columbia.[6]
Daeareg
golyguFfurfiwyd creigiau'r Rockies cyn i'r mynyddoedd gael eu codi gan rymoedd tectonig. Y graig hynaf yw'r graig fetamorffig Cyn-Gambriaidd sy'n ffurfio craidd cyfandir Gogledd America. Ceir yma hefyd gleifaen (argillite) gwaddodol Cyn-Gambriaidd, sy'n dyddio'n ôl i 1.7 biliwn o flynyddoedd CP. Yn ystod y Paleosöig, roedd gorllewin Gogledd America yn gorwedd o dan fôr bas, a gosodwyd haen ar ben haen o dyddodiad - sawl cilometrau o galchfaen a dolomit.[7]
Yn y Rockies deheuol, ger Colorado heddiw, aflonyddwyd ar y creigiau hyn tua 300 megaannum (neu Ma), yn ystod y Pennsylvanian (un o isgyfnodau'r Carbonifferaidd). Yn y cyfnod hwn yr adeiladwyd mynyddoedd hynafol y Rockies. Fe'u gwnaed yn rhanol o graig fetamorffig Cyn-Gambriaidd a orfodwyd i fyny trwy haenau o'r garreg galch a osodwyd yn y môr bas.[8] Erydodd y mynyddoedd trwy gydol y cyfnod Paleosöig hwyr a Mesosöig cynnar, gan adael dyddodion helaeth o graig waddodol.
Ecoleg a'r hinsawdd
golyguMae yna ystod eang o amgylcheddau gwahanol yn y Rockies, sy'n amrywio mewn lledred rhwng Afon Liard yn British Columbia (ar 59 ° Gog) a'r Rio Grande ym Mecsico Newydd (ar 35 ° Gog). Ceir paith ar 1,800 troedfedd (550 m); y copa uchaf yn y mynyddoedd yw Mynydd Elbert ar 14,440 tr (4,400 m).
Mae'r dyodiad yn amrywio o 10 mod (250 mm) yn y cymoedd deheuol i 60 mod (1,500 mm) y flwyddyn yn y copaon gogleddol. Gellir cymharu hyn gyda dyodiad ar y Grib Goch ym Mharc Cenedlaethol Eryri, un o'r mannau gwlypaf yn y Deyrnas Unedig, gyda glawiad o 4,473 milimetr (176.1 mod) ar gyfartaledd y flwyddyn dros y 30 mlynedd diwethaf.
Gall tymereddau cyfartalog mis Ionawr amrywio o 20 °F (−7 °C) ym Mwlch y Tywysog George, British Columbia, i 43 °F (6 °C) yn Trinidad, Colorado.[9] Felly, nid oes yr un ecosystem cyson ar gyfer y Rockies cyfan.
Yn hytrach, mae ecolegwyr yn rhannu'r Mynydd Creigiog yn nifer o barthau biotig. Diffinnir pob parth gan y meincnod " a all coed dyfu yno, a phresenoldeb un neu fwy o rywogaethau dangosol. Dau barth lle na all coed dyfu yw'r Paith (rhy sych) a'r twndra Alpaidd (rhy oer). Gorwedd y Gwastadeddau Mawr (The Great Plains) i'r dwyrain o'r Rockies ac fe'i nodweddir gan laswelltau paith (islaw tua 1,800 tr / 550 m). Mae twndra alpaidd i'w gael mewn rhanbarthau uwchlaw'r llinell goed, sy'n amrywio o 12,000 tr (3,700 m) ym Mecsico Newydd i 2,500 tr (780 m) ym mhen gogleddol y Rockies, ger yr Yukon.[10]
Mae'r Rockies yn gynefin pwysig i lawer iawn o fywyd gwyllt adnabyddus, fel bleiddiaid, yr elc, moose, mul-geirw a cheirw cynffon-wen, pronghorn, geifr mynydd, defaid corn hir, moch daear, eirth duon, eirth gwynion, coyotes, lyncsau, cougars, a bolgwn.[11][12] Er enghraifft, mae buchesi mwyaf Gogledd America o'r mŵs yn y coedwigoedd ar lethrau byniau Alberta-British Columbia.
Ni wyddys beth yw statws y mwyafrif o rywogaethau yn y Rockies, oherwydd gwybodaeth anghyflawn. Mae dyfodiad y dyn gwyn wedi cael effaith andwyol ar rywogaethau brodorol. Ceir llawer o rywogaethau sydd wedi dirywio, gan gynnwys: llyffantod gorllewino, brithyll torch gwyrdd, styrsiynod gwyn, grugieir gynffonwen, elyrch utganol, a defaid bighorn. Yn rhan yr Unol Daleithiau o'r mynyddoedd, roedd y prif ysglyfaethwyr fel eirth gwyn a bleiddiaid wedi cael eu tynnu allan o'u cynefinoedd gwreiddiol, ond maent wedi cynyddu o ran niferoedd, yn rhannol oherwydd mesurau cadwraeth ac ailgyflwyno. Mae rhywogaethau eraill sy'n cynyddu'n cynnwys yr eryr moel a'r hebog tramor.[11]
Hanes
golyguPobl frodorol
golyguErs yr oes iâ fawr ddiwethaf, a than yn ddiweddar, bu'r Rockies yn gartref i'r bobl frodorol America, gan gynnwys: yr Apache, Arapaho, Bannock, Blackfoot, Cheyenne, Coeur d'Alene, Kalispel, Crow Nation, Flathead, Shoshone, Sioux, Ute, Kutenai (Ktunaxa yn Canada), Sekani, Dunne-za, ac eraill. Bu Paleo-Indiaid yn hela'r mamoth a'r bual hynafol sydd bellach wedi diflannu (anifail a oedd 20% yn fwy na'r bison modern) yng nghesail a chymoedd y mynyddoedd. Fel y llwythau modern a'u dilynodd, mae'n debyg bod Paleo-Indiaid wedi mudo i'r gwastadeddau yn yr hydref a'r gaeaf i ddal bualod ac i'r mynyddoedd yn y gwanwyn a'r haf i ddal pysgod, ceirw, elc, gwreiddiau ac aeron. Yn Colorado, ynghyd â chrib y Rhaniad Cyfandirol, mae waliau creigiau a godwyd gan yr Americanwyr Brodorol hyn ar gyfer gyrru gêm, ac sy'n dyddio'n ôl 5,400-5,800 o flynyddoedd. Mae corff cynyddol o dystiolaeth wyddonol yn dangos bod y bobl frodorol wedi cael effaith bositif a sylweddol ar niferoedd y mamaliaid trwy hela ac ar batrymau llystyfiant trwy losgi bwriadol.[11]
Archwiliad Ewropeaidd
golyguMae hanes dynol diweddar y Rockies yn un o newid cyflymach. Martsiodd yr archwiliwr gwyn, Sbaenaidd Francisco Vázquez de Coronado - gyda grŵp o filwyr, cenhadon, a chaethweision Affricanaidd - i ardal y Rockies o'r de ym 1540.[13] Yn 1610, sefydlodd y Sbaenwyr ddinas Santa Fe, sedd lywodraethol hynaf yr Unol Daleithiau, wrth droed y Rockies ym Mecsicio Newydd heddiw. Cyflwynwyd y ceffyl, offer metel, reifflau ac afiechydon newydd i'r ardal, gan ladd a newid a diwylliannau brodorol yn sylweddol. Cafodd poblogaethau brodorol America eu tynnu o'r rhan fwyaf o'u hardaloedd hanesyddol gan afiechyd, rhyfela, colli cynefinoedd (dileu'r bual), ac ymosodiadau parhaus ar eu diwylliant.[11] Rhoddwyd llawer mewn Neilldiroedd Indiaidd a oedd yn dal i fodoli yn 2021.
Ym 1739, darganfu'r masnachwyr ffwr o Ffrainc, Pierre a Paul Mallet, wrth deithio trwy'r Gwastadeddau Mawr (y Great Plains) gadwynni o fynydddoedd wrth flaenddyfroedd Afon Platte, a alwodd gan y llwythau brodorol, lleol yn "Rockies", gan ddod yr Ewropeaid cyntaf i gyfnodi fod y Rockies yn bodoli.[14]
Aeth miloedd trwy'r Rockies ar Lwybr Oregon (the Oregon Trail) gan ddechrau yn y 1840au.[15] Dechreuodd y Mormoniaid ymgartrefu ger Llyn Great Salt ym 1847.[16] Rhwng 1859 a 1864, darganfuwyd aur yn Colorado, Idaho, Montana, a British Columbia, gan sbarduno sawl rhuthr am aur, gan ddod â miloedd o chwilwyr a glowyr i archwilio pob mynydd, clogyn a cheunant ac i greu diwydiant mawr cynta'r Rockies. Cynhyrchodd rhuthr am aur Idaho yn unig fwy o aur na rhuthr am aur California ac Alaska gyda'i gilydd, ac roedd yr arian hwn yn bwysig wrth ariannu Byddin yr Undeb yn ystod Rhyfel Cartref America. Cwblhawyd y rheilffordd draws-gyfandirol ym 1869,[17] a sefydlwyd Parc Cenedlaethol Yellowstone fel parc cenedlaethol cynta'r byd ym 1872.[18][19] Fe wnaeth swyddogion rheilffordd Canada hefyd argyhoeddi'r Senedd i neilltuo rhannau helaeth o Rockies Canada fel Parciau Cenedlaethol Jasper, Banff, Yoho a Llynnoedd Waterton, gan osod y sylfaen ar gyfer diwydiant twristiaeth sy'n ffynnu hyd heddiw. Sefydlwyd y Glacier National Park (MT) gyda'r nod o hyrwyddo twristiaeth gan Reilffordd Fawr y Gogledd (y Great Northern Railway).[20] Tra bod ymsefydlwyr yn rheibio'r cymoedd, yn codi trefi mwyngloddio ac yn lladd y bual, dechreuodd y syniad o gadwraeth hefyd gydio. Sefydlodd yr Arlywydd yr UD Benjamin Harrison sawl gwarchodfa goedwig yn y Rockies ym 1891-1892. Ym 1905, estynnodd Arlywydd yr UD Theodore Roosevelt Medicine Bow Forest Reserve i gynnwys yr ardal a reolir bellach fel Parc Cenedlaethol Rocky Mountain. Dechreuodd datblygu economaidd ganolbwyntio ar fwyngloddio, coedwigaeth, amaethyddiaeth a hamdden, yn ogystal ag ar y diwydiannau gwasanaeth cefnogol. Trodd gwersylloedd o bebyll yn ffermydd, a throdd y caerau amddiffynnol a'r gorsafoedd trên yn drefi, a daeth rhai trefi'n ddinasoedd.[11]
Diwydiant a datblygiad
golyguMae adnoddau economaidd y Rockies yn amrywiol ac yn doreithiog. Ymhlith y mwynau a geir yn y Rockies mae dyddodion sylweddol o gopr, aur, plwm, molybdenwm, arian, twngsten, a sinc. Mae Basn Wyoming a sawl ardal lai yn cynnwys cronfeydd sylweddol o lo, nwy naturiol, siâl olew a phetroliwm.
Araf iawn y gwelwyd technoleg gwyrdd ac ynni gwyrdd yn y Rockies. Mwynglawdd Climax, a leolir ger Leadville, Colorado, oedd y cynhyrchydd mwyaf o folybdenwm yn y byd. Defnyddir molybdenwm mewn dur sy'n gwrthsefyll gwres mewn nwyddau fel ceir ac awyrennau. Roedd mwynglawdd Climax yn cyflogi dros 3,000 o weithwyr. Mae mwynglawdd Coeur d'Alene yng ngogledd Idaho'n cynhyrchu arian, plwm a sinc. Gger Fernie, British Columbia, saif pyllau glo mwyaf Canada; mae mwyngloddiau glo ychwanegol yn parhau heddiw (2021) ger Hinton, Alberta, ac yn y Northern Rockies o amgylch Tumbler Ridge, British Columbia.[11]
Mae amaethyddiaeth a choedwigaeth yn ddiwydiannau mawr ac yn cynnwys tir sych a ffermio drwy ddyfrio cyson a phori da byw. Symudir y da byw yn aml rhwng porfeydd haf uchel a phorfeydd gaeaf drychiad isel, arfer a elwir yn transhumance ond a adnabyddir yn hanesyddol yng Nghymru fel 'hafod a hendre'.[11]
Twristiaeth
golyguBob blwyddyn mae'r golygfeydd a'r bywyd gwyllt yn denu miliynau o dwristiaid.[11] Prif iaith y Mynyddoedd Creigiog yw'r Saesneg ond mae yna hefyd bocedi o Sbaeneg ac ieithoedd brodorol.
Mae pobl o bob cwr o'r byd yn ymweld â'r safleoedd i heicio, gwersylla, neu gymryd rhan mewn chwaraeon mynydd.[11][21] Yn nhymor yr haf, yr atyniadau twristaidd mwyaf yw:
Yn yr Unol Daleithiau:
- Parc Cenedlaethol Yellowstone
- Parc Cenedlaethol Rhewlif
- Parc Cenedlaethol Grand Teton
- Parc Cenedlaethol Rocky Mountain
- <i>Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve</i>
- Ardal Hamdden Genedlaethol Sawtooth
- Llyn Flathead
Yng Nghanada, mae'r mynyddoedd yn cynnwys y parciau cenedlaethol hyn:
- Parc Cenedlaethol Banff
- Parc Cenedlaethol Jasper
- Parc Cenedlaethol Kootenay
- Parc Cenedlaethol Llynnoedd Waterton
- Parc Cenedlaethol Yoho
Mae Parc Cenedlaethol Rhewlif (Glacier National Park) yn Montana a Pharc Cenedlaethol Llynnoedd Waterton yn Alberta yn ffinio â'i gilydd ac fe'u gelwir gyda'i gilydd yn Barc Heddwch Rhyngwladol Waterton-Glacier.
Yn y gaeaf, sgïo yw'r prif atyniad, gyda dwsinau o ardaloedd sgïo a chyrchfannau gwyliau.
Y copaon mawr uchaf
golyguEr mwyn cymharu, cofier bod yr Wyddfa'n 1,085 metr.
O'r 100 copa mawr uchaf yn y Rockies, ceir 62 copa sydd dros 4,000 metr, ac mae pob un o'r 100 yma dros 3,746 m.
O'r 100 copa hyn, mae 78 (gan gynnwys y 30 uchaf) wedi'u lleoli yn Colorado, deg yn Wyoming, chwech yn New Mexico, tri yn Montana, ac un yr un yn Utah, British Columbia, ac Idaho.
Safle | Copa | Ardal | Cadwyn | Uchter | Amlygrwydd | Ynysig | Lleoliad |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Mount Elbert [22][23][24][a] | Colorado | Sawatch Range | 4401.2 m 14,440 tr |
2772 m 9,093 tr |
1,079 km 671 mi |
39°07′04″N 106°26′43″W / 39.1178°N 106.4454°W |
2 | Mount Massive [25][26][27][b][c] | Colorado | Sawatch Range | 4398 m 14,428 tr |
598 m 1,961 tr |
8.14 km 5.06 mi |
39°11′15″N 106°28′33″W / 39.1875°N 106.4757°W |
3 | Mount Harvard [28][29][30][d][e] | Colorado | Sawatch Range | 4395.6 m 14,421 tr |
719 m 2,360 tr |
24 km 14.92 mi |
38°55′28″N 106°19′15″W / 38.9244°N 106.3207°W |
4 | Blanca Peak [31][32][f][g][h] | Colorado | Sangre de Cristo Mountains | 4374 m 14,351 tr |
1623 m 5,326 tr |
166.4 km 103.4 mi |
37°34′39″N 105°29′08″W / 37.5775°N 105.4856°W |
5 | La Plata Peak [33][34][i] | Colorado | Sawatch Range | 4372 m 14,343 tr |
560 m 1,836 tr |
10.11 km 6.28 mi |
39°01′46″N 106°28′22″W / 39.0294°N 106.4729°W |
6 | Uncompahgre Peak [35][36][37][j][k] | Colorado | San Juan Mountains | 4365 m 14,321 tr |
1304 m 4,277 tr |
136.8 km 85 mi |
38°04′18″N 107°27′44″W / 38.0717°N 107.4621°W |
7 | Crestone Peak [38][39][l][m] | Colorado | Sangre de Cristo Range | 4359 m 14,300 tr |
1388 m 4,554 tr |
44 km 27.4 mi |
37°58′01″N 105°35′08″W / 37.9669°N 105.5855°W |
8 | Mount Lincoln [40][41][42][n][o] | Colorado | Mosquito Range | 4356.5 m 14,293 tr |
1177 m 3,862 tr |
36.2 km 22.5 mi |
39°21′05″N 106°06′42″W / 39.3515°N 106.1116°W |
9 | Castle Peak [43][44][45][p] | Colorado | Elk Mountains | 4352.2 m 14,279 tr |
721 m 2,365 tr |
33.6 km 20.9 mi |
39°00′35″N 106°51′41″W / 39.0097°N 106.8614°W |
10 | Grays Peak [46][47][48][q][r] | Colorado | Front Range | 4352 m 14,278 tr |
844 m 2,770 tr |
40.2 km 25 mi |
39°38′02″N 105°49′03″W / 39.6339°N 105.8176°W |
11 | Mount Antero [49][50][51][s] | Colorado | Sawatch Range | 4351.4 m 14,276 tr |
763 m 2,503 tr |
28.4 km 17.67 mi |
38°40′27″N 106°14′46″W / 38.6741°N 106.2462°W |
12 | Mount Evans [52][53][54][t] | Colorado | Front Range | 4350 m 14,271 tr |
844 m 2,770 tr |
15.76 km 9.79 mi |
39°35′18″N 105°38′38″W / 39.5883°N 105.6438°W |
13 | Longs Peak [55][56][57][u][v] | Colorado | Front Range | 4346 m 14,259 tr |
896 m 2,940 tr |
70.2 km 43.6 mi |
40°15′18″N 105°36′54″W / 40.2550°N 105.6151°W |
14 | Mount Wilson [58][59][w][x][y] | Colorado | San Miguel Mountains | 4344 m 14,252 tr |
1227 m 4,024 tr |
53.1 km 33 mi |
37°50′21″N 107°59′30″W / 37.8391°N 107.9916°W |
15 | Mount Princeton [60][61][62] | Colorado | Sawatch Range | 4329.3 m 14,204 tr |
664 m 2,177 tr |
8.36 km 5.19 mi |
38°44′57″N 106°14′33″W / 38.7492°N 106.2424°W |
16 | Mount Yale [63][64][65] | Colorado | Sawatch Range | 4328.2 m 14,200 tr |
578 m 1,896 tr |
8.93 km 5.55 mi |
38°50′39″N 106°18′50″W / 38.8442°N 106.3138°W |
17 | Maroon Peak [66][67][68] | Colorado | Elk Mountains | 4317 m 14,163 tr |
712 m 2,336 tr |
12.97 km 8.06 mi |
39°04′15″N 106°59′20″W / 39.0708°N 106.9890°W |
18 | Mount Sneffels [69][70][71][z] | Colorado | Sneffels Range | 4315.4 m 14,158 tr |
930 m 3,050 tr |
25.3 km 15.71 mi |
38°00′14″N 107°47′32″W / 38.0038°N 107.7923°W |
19 | Capitol Peak [72][73][74][aa] | Colorado | Elk Mountains | 4309 m 14,137 tr |
533 m 1,750 tr |
11.98 km 7.44 mi |
39°09′01″N 107°04′58″W / 39.1503°N 107.0829°W |
20 | Pikes Peak [75][76][77][ab] | Colorado | Front Range | 4302.31 m 14,115 tr |
1686 m 5,530 tr |
97.6 km 60.6 mi |
38°50′26″N 105°02′39″W / 38.8405°N 105.0442°W |
21 | Windom Peak [78][79][ac][ad][ae] | Colorado | Needle Mountains | 4296 m 14,093 tr |
667 m 2,187 tr |
42.4 km 26.3 mi |
37°37′16″N 107°35′31″W / 37.6212°N 107.5919°W |
22 | Handies Peak [80][81][82] | Colorado | San Juan Mountains | 4284.8 m 14,058 tr |
582 m 1,908 tr |
18 km 11.18 mi |
37°54′47″N 107°30′16″W / 37.9130°N 107.5044°W |
23 | Culebra Peak [83][84][af][ag][ah] | Colorado | Culebra Range | 4283 m 14,053 tr |
1471 m 4,827 tr |
56.9 km 35.4 mi |
37°07′21″N 105°11′09″W / 37.1224°N 105.1858°W |
24 | San Luis Peak [85][86][87][ai] | Colorado | La Garita Mountains | 4273.8 m 14,022 tr |
949 m 3,113 tr |
43.4 km 26.9 mi |
37°59′12″N 106°55′53″W / 37.9868°N 106.9313°W |
25 | Mount of the Holy Cross [88][89][90][aj][ak] | Colorado | Sawatch Range | 4270.5 m 14,011 tr |
644 m 2,113 tr |
29.6 km 18.41 mi |
39°28′00″N 106°28′54″W / 39.4668°N 106.4817°W |
26 | Grizzly Peak [91][92][93] | Colorado | Sawatch Range | 4265.6 m 13,995 tr |
588 m 1,928 tr |
10.89 km 6.77 mi |
39°02′33″N 106°35′51″W / 39.0425°N 106.5976°W |
27 | Mount Ouray [94][95][96][al] | Colorado | Sawatch Range | 4255.4 m 13,961 tr |
810 m 2,659 tr |
21.9 km 13.58 mi |
38°25′22″N 106°13′29″W / 38.4227°N 106.2247°W |
28 | Vermilion Peak [97][98][am] | Colorado | San Juan Mountains | 4237 m 13,900 tr |
642 m 2,105 tr |
14.6 km 9.07 mi |
37°47′57″N 107°49′43″W / 37.7993°N 107.8285°W |
29 | Mount Silverheels [99][100][101] | Colorado | Front Range | 4215 m 13,829 tr |
696 m 2,283 tr |
8.82 km 5.48 mi |
39°20′22″N 106°00′19″W / 39.3394°N 106.0054°W |
30 | Rio Grande Pyramid [102][103][104] | Colorado | San Juan Mountains | 4214.4 m 13,827 tr |
573 m 1,881 tr |
17.31 km 10.76 mi |
37°40′47″N 107°23′33″W / 37.6797°N 107.3924°W |
31 | Gannett Peak [105][106][107][an][ao] | Wyoming | Wind River Range | 4209.1 m 13,809 tr |
2157 m 7,076 tr |
467 km 290 mi |
43°11′03″N 109°39′15″W / 43.1842°N 109.6542°W |
32 | Grand Teton [108][109][110][ap][aq] | Wyoming | Teton Range | 4198.7 m 13,775 tr |
1995 m 6,545 tr |
111.6 km 69.4 mi |
43°44′28″N 110°48′09″W / 43.7412°N 110.8024°W |
33 | Bald Mountain [111][112][ar] | Colorado | Front Range | 4173 m 13,690 tr |
640 m 2,099 tr |
12.09 km 7.51 mi |
39°26′41″N 105°58′14″W / 39.4448°N 105.9705°W |
34 | Mount Oso [113][114][as] | Colorado | San Juan Mountains | 4173 m 13,690 tr |
507 m 1,664 tr |
8.71 km 5.41 mi |
37°36′25″N 107°29′37″W / 37.6070°N 107.4936°W |
35 | Mount Jackson [115][116][117] | Colorado | Sawatch Range | 4168.5 m 13,676 tr |
552 m 1,810 tr |
5.16 km 3.21 mi |
39°29′07″N 106°32′12″W / 39.4853°N 106.5367°W |
36 | Bard Peak [118][119][at] | Colorado | Front Range | 4159 m 13,647 tr |
518 m 1,701 tr |
8.74 km 5.43 mi |
39°43′13″N 105°48′16″W / 39.7204°N 105.8044°W |
37 | West Spanish Peak [120][121][au][av] | Colorado | Spanish Peaks | 4155 m 13,631 tr |
1123 m 3,686 tr |
32 km 19.87 mi |
37°22′32″N 104°59′36″W / 37.3756°N 104.9934°W |
38 | Mount Powell [122][123][aw][ax] | Colorado | Gore Range | 4141 m 13,586 tr |
914 m 3,000 tr |
34.6 km 21.5 mi |
39°45′36″N 106°20′27″W / 39.7601°N 106.3407°W |
39 | Hagues Peak [124][125][126][ay] | Colorado | Mummy Range | 4137 m 13,573 tr |
738 m 2,420 tr |
25.3 km 15.7 mi |
40°29′04″N 105°38′47″W / 40.4845°N 105.6464°W |
40 | Tower Mountain [127][128][az] | Colorado | San Juan Mountains | 4132 m 13,558 tr |
504 m 1,652 tr |
7.86 km 4.88 mi |
37°51′26″N 107°37′23″W / 37.8573°N 107.6230°W |
41 | Treasure Mountain [129][130][ba] | Colorado | Elk Mountains | 4125 m 13,535 tr |
862 m 2,828 tr |
11.13 km 6.92 mi |
39°01′28″N 107°07′22″W / 39.0244°N 107.1228°W |
42 | Kings Peak [131][132][bb][bc] | Utah | Uinta Mountains | 4125 m 13,534 tr |
1938 m 6,358 tr |
268 km 166.6 mi |
40°46′35″N 110°22′22″W / 40.7763°N 110.3729°W |
43 | North Arapaho Peak [133][134][135][bd][be] | Colorado | Front Range | 4117 m 13,508 tr |
507 m 1,665 tr |
24.8 km 15.38 mi |
40°01′35″N 105°39′01″W / 40.0265°N 105.6504°W |
44 | Parry Peak [136][137][bf] | Colorado | Front Range | 4083 m 13,397 tr |
524 m 1,720 tr |
15.22 km 9.46 mi |
39°50′17″N 105°42′48″W / 39.8381°N 105.7132°W |
45 | Bill Williams Peak [138][139][bg][bh] | Colorado | Williams Mountains | 4081 m 13,389 tr |
513 m 1,682 tr |
6 km 3.73 mi |
39°10′50″N 106°36′37″W / 39.1806°N 106.6102°W |
46 | Sultan Mountain [140][141][bi] | Colorado | San Juan Mountains | 4076 m 13,373 tr |
569 m 1,868 tr |
7.39 km 4.59 mi |
37°47′09″N 107°42′14″W / 37.7859°N 107.7038°W |
47 | Mount Herard [142][143][bj] | Colorado | Sangre de Cristo Mountains | 4068 m 13,345 tr |
622 m 2,040 tr |
7.45 km 4.63 mi |
37°50′57″N 105°29′42″W / 37.8492°N 105.4949°W |
48 | West Buffalo Peak [144][145][146][bk] | Colorado | Mosquito Range | 4064 m 13,332 tr |
605 m 1,986 tr |
15.46 km 9.61 mi |
38°59′30″N 106°07′30″W / 38.9917°N 106.1249°W |
49 | Summit Peak [147][148][149][bl] | Colorado | San Juan Mountains | 4056.2 m 13,308 tr |
841 m 2,760 tr |
63.7 km 39.6 mi |
37°21′02″N 106°41′48″W / 37.3506°N 106.6968°W |
50 | Middle Peak [150][151][bm][bn] | Colorado | San Miguel Mountains | 4056 m 13,306 tr |
597 m 1,960 tr |
7.69 km 4.78 mi |
37°51′13″N 108°06′30″W / 37.8536°N 108.1082°W |
51 | Antora Peak [152][153][bo] | Colorado | Sawatch Range | 4046 m 13,275 tr |
734 m 2,409 tr |
10.86 km 6.75 mi |
38°19′30″N 106°13′05″W / 38.3250°N 106.2180°W |
52 | Henry Mountain [154][155][bp] | Colorado | Sawatch Range | 4042 m 13,261 tr |
510 m 1,674 tr |
17.61 km 10.94 mi |
38°41′08″N 106°37′16″W / 38.6856°N 106.6211°W |
53 | Hesperus Mountain [156][157][bq][br] | Colorado | La Plata Mountains | 4035 m 13,237 tr |
869 m 2,852 tr |
39.5 km 24.5 mi |
37°26′42″N 108°05′20″W / 37.4451°N 108.0890°W |
54 | Jacque Peak [158][159][bs] | Colorado | Gore Range | 4027 m 13,211 tr |
629 m 2,065 tr |
7.28 km 4.52 mi |
39°27′18″N 106°11′49″W / 39.4549°N 106.1970°W |
55 | Bennett Peak [160][161][bt] | Colorado | San Juan Mountains | 4026 m 13,209 tr |
531 m 1,743 tr |
27.5 km 17.08 mi |
37°29′00″N 106°26′03″W / 37.4833°N 106.4343°W |
56 | Wind River Peak [162][163][164][bu] | Wyoming | Wind River Range | 4022.4 m 13,197 tr |
784 m 2,572 tr |
56.6 km 35.1 mi |
42°42′31″N 109°07′42″W / 42.7085°N 109.1284°W |
57 | Conejos Peak [165][166][167] | Colorado | San Juan Mountains | 4017 m 13,179 tr |
583 m 1,912 tr |
13.12 km 8.15 mi |
37°17′19″N 106°34′15″W / 37.2887°N 106.5709°W |
58 | Cloud Peak [168][169][170][bv][bw] | Wyoming | Bighorn Mountains | 4013.3 m 13,167 tr |
2157 m 7,077 tr |
233 km 145 mi |
44°22′56″N 107°10′26″W / 44.3821°N 107.1739°W |
Wheeler Peak [171][172][173][bx][by] | New Mexico | Taos Mountains | 4013.3 m 13,167 tr |
1039 m 3,409 tr |
59.6 km 37 mi |
36°33′25″N 105°25′01″W / 36.5569°N 105.4169°W | |
60 | Francs Peak [174][175][176][bz] | Wyoming | Absaroka Range | 4012.3 m 13,164 tr |
1236 m 4,056 tr |
76 km 47.2 mi |
43°57′41″N 109°20′21″W / 43.9613°N 109.3392°W |
61 | Twilight Peak [177][178][ca][cb] | Colorado | Needle Mountains | 4012 m 13,163 tr |
713 m 2,338 tr |
7.86 km 4.88 mi |
37°39′47″N 107°43′37″W / 37.6630°N 107.7270°W |
62 | South River Peak [179][180][181] | Colorado | San Juan Mountains | 4009.4 m 13,154 tr |
746 m 2,448 tr |
34 km 21.1 mi |
37°34′27″N 106°58′53″W / 37.5741°N 106.9815°W |
63 | Bushnell Peak [182][183][184] | Colorado | Sangre de Cristo Mountains | 3995.8 m 13,110 tr |
733 m 2,405 tr |
17.82 km 11.07 mi |
38°20′28″N 105°53′21″W / 38.3412°N 105.8892°W |
64 | Truchas Peak [185][186][187][cc][cd] | New Mexico | Santa Fe Mountains | 3995.2 m 13,108 tr |
1220 m 4,001 tr |
68.2 km 42.3 mi |
35°57′45″N 105°38′42″W / 35.9625°N 105.6450°W |
65 | West Elk Peak [188][189][190][ce] | Colorado | West Elk Mountains | 3975.2 m 13,042 tr |
943 m 3,095 tr |
22.2 km 13.78 mi |
38°43′04″N 107°11′58″W / 38.7179°N 107.1994°W |
66 | Mount Centennial [191][cf] (Peak 13010) |
Colorado | San Juan Mountains | 3967 m 13,016 tr |
546 m 1,790 tr |
4.61 km 2.86 mi |
37°36′22″N 107°14′41″W / 37.6062°N 107.2446°W |
67 | Mount Robson [192][193][cg][ch] | British Columbia | Canadian Rockies | 3959 m 12,989 tr |
2829 m 9,281 tr |
460 km 286 mi |
53°06′38″N 119°09′24″W / 53.1105°N 119.1566°W |
68 | Clark Peak [194][195][196][ci] | Colorado | Medicine Bow Mountains | 3948.4 m 12,954 tr |
845 m 2,771 tr |
26.4 km 16.4 mi |
40°36′24″N 105°55′48″W / 40.6068°N 105.9300°W |
69 | Mount Richthofen [197][198][cj][ck] | Colorado | Never Summer Mountains | 3946 m 12,945 tr |
817 m 2,680 tr |
15.54 km 9.66 mi |
40°28′10″N 105°53′40″W / 40.4695°N 105.8945°W |
70 | Lizard Head Peak [199][200][cl][cm] | Wyoming | Wind River Range | 3916 m 12,847 tr |
580 m 1,902 tr |
10.4 km 6.46 mi |
42°47′24″N 109°11′52″W / 42.7901°N 109.1978°W |
71 | Granite Peak [201][202][203][cn] | Montana | Beartooth Mountains | 3903.5 m 12,807 tr |
1457 m 4,779 tr |
138.5 km 86 mi |
45°09′48″N 109°48′27″W / 45.1634°N 109.8075°W |
72 | Venado Peak [204][205][co] | New Mexico | Taos Mountains | 3883 m 12,739 tr |
906 m 2,971 tr |
18.99 km 11.8 mi |
36°47′30″N 105°29′36″W / 36.7917°N 105.4933°W |
73 | Chair Mountain [206][207][208] | Colorado | Elk Mountains | 3879.1 m 12,727 tr |
750 m 2,461 tr |
14.3 km 8.89 mi |
39°03′29″N 107°16′56″W / 39.0581°N 107.2822°W |
74 | Mount Gunnison [209][210][211] | Colorado | West Elk Mountains | 3878.7 m 12,725 tr |
1079 m 3,539 tr |
19.05 km 11.84 mi |
38°48′44″N 107°22′57″W / 38.8121°N 107.3826°W |
75 | East Spanish Peak [212][213][214][cp][cq] | Colorado | Spanish Peaks | 3867 m 12,688 tr |
726 m 2,383 tr |
6.78 km 4.21 mi |
37°23′36″N 104°55′12″W / 37.3934°N 104.9201°W |
76 | Borah Peak [215][216][217][cr] | Idaho | Lost River Range | 3861.2 m 12,668 tr |
1829 m 6,002 tr |
243 km 150.8 mi |
44°08′15″N 113°46′52″W / 44.1374°N 113.7811°W |
77 | Mount Wood [218][219][cs][ct] | Montana | Beartooth Mountains | 3860 m 12,665 tr |
878 m 2,880 tr |
12.04 km 7.48 mi |
45°16′30″N 109°48′28″W / 45.2749°N 109.8078°W |
78 | Santa Fe Baldy [220][221][222][cu] | New Mexico | Santa Fe Mountains | 3850.1 m 12,632 tr |
610 m 2,002 tr |
17.69 km 10.99 mi |
35°49′56″N 105°45′29″W / 35.8322°N 105.7581°W |
79 | Gothic Mountain [223][224][cv] | Colorado | Elk Mountains | 3850 m 12,631 tr |
501 m 1,645 tr |
4.39 km 2.73 mi |
38°57′22″N 107°00′39″W / 38.9562°N 107.0107°W |
80 | Castle Mountain [225][226][227] | Montana | Beartooth Mountains | 3846.1 m 12,618 tr |
814 m 2,672 tr |
15.67 km 9.74 mi |
45°05′56″N 109°37′50″W / 45.0989°N 109.6305°W |
Lone Cone [228][229][230] | Colorado | San Miguel Mountains | 3846.1 m 12,618 tr |
693 m 2,273 tr |
13.52 km 8.4 mi |
37°53′17″N 108°15′20″W / 37.8880°N 108.2556°W | |
82 | Mount Moran [231][232][233] | Wyoming | Teton Range | 3843.5 m 12,610 tr |
806 m 2,645 tr |
9.94 km 6.18 mi |
43°50′06″N 110°46′35″W / 43.8350°N 110.7765°W |
83 | Little Costilla Peak [234][235][236] | New Mexico | Culebra Range | 3836.8 m 12,588 tr |
745 m 2,444 tr |
12.48 km 7.75 mi |
36°50′01″N 105°13′22″W / 36.8335°N 105.2229°W |
84 | Graham Peak [237][238][239] | Colorado | San Juan Mountains | 3821.1 m 12,536 tr |
778 m 2,551 tr |
13.9 km 8.64 mi |
37°29′50″N 107°22′34″W / 37.4972°N 107.3761°W |
85 | Whetstone Mountain [240][241][242] | Colorado | West Elk Mountains | 3818.1 m 12,527 tr |
749 m 2,456 tr |
15.11 km 9.39 mi |
38°49′20″N 106°58′48″W / 38.8223°N 106.9799°W |
86 | Atlantic Peak [243][244][cw] | Wyoming | Wind River Range | 3808 m 12,495 tr |
655 m 2,150 tr |
14.6 km 9.07 mi |
42°36′59″N 109°00′05″W / 42.6165°N 109.0013°W |
87 | Specimen Mountain [245][246][cx] | Colorado | Front Range | 3808 m 12,494 tr |
528 m 1,731 tr |
7.56 km 4.7 mi |
40°26′42″N 105°48′29″W / 40.4449°N 105.8081°W |
88 | Baldy Mountain [247][248][249][cy] | New Mexico | Cimarron Range | 3793.3 m 12,445 tr |
823 m 2,701 tr |
18.24 km 11.33 mi |
36°37′48″N 105°12′48″W / 36.6299°N 105.2134°W |
89 | East Beckwith Mountain [250][251][252] | Colorado | West Elk Mountains | 3792.1 m 12,441 tr |
760 m 2,492 tr |
10.05 km 6.24 mi |
38°50′47″N 107°13′24″W / 38.8464°N 107.2233°W |
90 | Knobby Crest [253][cz][da] | Colorado | Kenosha Mountains | 3790 m 12,434 tr |
536 m 1,759 tr |
13.31 km 8.27 mi |
39°22′05″N 105°36′18″W / 39.3681°N 105.6050°W |
91 | Bison Peak [254][255][256][db] | Colorado | Tarryall Mountains | 3789.4 m 12,432 tr |
747 m 2,451 tr |
29.3 km 18.23 mi |
39°14′18″N 105°29′52″W / 39.2384°N 105.4978°W |
92 | Anthracite Range High Point [257][258][259] | Colorado | West Elk Mountains | 3777.8 m 12,394 tr |
648 m 2,125 tr |
7.68 km 4.77 mi |
38°48′52″N 107°08′40″W / 38.8145°N 107.1445°W |
93 | Matchless Mountain [260][261][dc] | Colorado | Elk Mountains | 3776 m 12,389 tr |
537 m 1,763 tr |
12.67 km 7.87 mi |
38°50′02″N 106°38′42″W / 38.8340°N 106.6451°W |
94 | Flat Top Mountain [262][263][264][dd] | Colorado | Flat Tops | 3767.7 m 12,361 tr |
1236 m 4,054 tr |
65.6 km 40.8 mi |
40°00′53″N 107°05′00″W / 40.0147°N 107.0833°W |
95 | Mount Nystrom [265][266][267] | Wyoming | Wind River Range | 3767.5 m 12,361 tr |
554 m 1,816 tr |
7.92 km 4.92 mi |
42°38′30″N 109°05′38″W / 42.6418°N 109.0939°W |
96 | Greenhorn Mountain [268][269][270][de] | Colorado | Wet Mountains | 3765 m 12,352 tr |
1151 m 3,777 tr |
40.6 km 25.2 mi |
37°52′53″N 105°00′48″W / 37.8815°N 105.0133°W |
97 | Elliott Mountain [271][df] | Colorado | San Miguel Mountains | 3763 m 12,346 tr |
683 m 2,240 tr |
8.26 km 5.13 mi |
37°44′04″N 108°03′29″W / 37.7344°N 108.0580°W |
98 | Carter Mountain [272][273][274] | Wyoming | Absaroka Range | 3756.4 m 12,324 tr |
518 m 1,699 tr |
26.8 km 16.68 mi |
44°11′50″N 109°24′40″W / 44.1972°N 109.4112°W |
99 | Parkview Mountain [275][276][277][dg] | Colorado | Rabbit Ears Range | 3749.4 m 12,301 tr |
816 m 2,676 tr |
15.07 km 9.36 mi |
40°19′49″N 106°08′11″W / 40.3303°N 106.1363°W |
100 | Cornwall Mountain [278][279][dh] | Colorado | San Juan Mountains | 3746 m 12,291 tr |
532 m 1,744 tr |
8.37 km 5.2 mi |
37°22′52″N 106°29′31″W / 37.3811°N 106.4920°W |
Y copaon amlycaf
golyguO'r 50 copa amlycaf yn y Rockies, dim ond Mount Robson a Mount Elbert sy'n fwy na 2,500 metr o amlygrwydd topograffig, mae saith copa yn fwy na 2,000 m a 31 copa yn hynod o amlwg, gydag o leiaf 1,500 m o amlygrwydd. Mae gan bob un o'r 50 copa dros 1,189 m o amlygrwydd topograffig.
O'r 50 copa hyn, mae 12 wedi'u lleoli yn British Columbia, 12 yn Montana, deg yn Alberta, wyth yn Colorado, pedwar yn Wyoming, tri yn Utah, tri yn Idaho, ac un yn New Mexico. Mae tri o'r copaon hyn yn gorwedd ar ffin Alberta-British Columbia.
Safle | Copa | Ardal | Cadwyn | Uchter | Amlygrwydd | Ynysig | Lleoliad |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Mount Robson [192][193][cg][ch] | British Columbia | Canadian Rockies | 3959 m 12,989 tr |
2829 m 9,281 tr |
460 km 286 mi |
53°06′38″N 119°09′24″W / 53.1105°N 119.1566°W |
2 | Mount Elbert [22][23][24][a] | Colorado | Sawatch Range | 4401.2 m 14,440 tr |
2772 m 9,093 tr |
1,079 km 671 mi |
39°07′04″N 106°26′43″W / 39.1178°N 106.4454°W |
3 | Mount Columbia [280][281][di] | Alberta British Columbia |
Canadian Rockies | 3741 m 12,274 tr |
2371 m 7,779 tr |
158 km 98.2 mi |
52°08′50″N 117°26′30″W / 52.1473°N 117.4416°W |
4 | Cloud Peak [168][169][170][bv][bw] | Wyoming | Bighorn Mountains | 4013.3 m 13,167 tr |
2157 m 7,077 tr |
233 km 145 mi |
44°22′56″N 107°10′26″W / 44.3821°N 107.1739°W |
5 | Gannett Peak [105][106][107][an][ao] | Wyoming | Wind River Range | 4209.1 m 13,809 tr |
2157 m 7,076 tr |
467 km 290 mi |
43°11′03″N 109°39′15″W / 43.1842°N 109.6542°W |
6 | Mount Assiniboine [282][283][dj] | Alberta British Columbia |
Canadian Rockies | 3616 m 11,864 tr |
2082 m 6,831 tr |
141.8 km 88.1 mi |
50°52′11″N 115°39′03″W / 50.8696°N 115.6509°W |
7 | Mount Edith Cavell [284][285] | Alberta | Canadian Rockies | 3363 m 11,033 tr |
2033 m 6,670 tr |
47.2 km 29.3 mi |
52°40′02″N 118°03′25″W / 52.6672°N 118.0569°W |
8 | Grand Teton [108][109][110][ap][aq] | Wyoming | Teton Range | 4198.7 m 13,775 tr |
1995 m 6,545 tr |
111.6 km 69.4 mi |
43°44′28″N 110°48′09″W / 43.7412°N 110.8024°W |
9 | Kings Peak [131][132][bb][bc] | Utah | Uinta Mountains | 4125 m 13,534 tr |
1938 m 6,358 tr |
268 km 166.6 mi |
40°46′35″N 110°22′22″W / 40.7763°N 110.3729°W |
10 | Mount Goodsir [286][287][dk] | British Columbia | Canadian Rockies | 3567 m 11,703 tr |
1917 m 6,289 tr |
64.1 km 39.8 mi |
51°12′08″N 116°23′51″W / 51.2021°N 116.3975°W |
11 | Borah Peak [215][216][217][cr] | Idaho | Lost River Range | 3861.2 m 12,668 tr |
1829 m 6,002 tr |
243 km 150.8 mi |
44°08′15″N 113°46′52″W / 44.1374°N 113.7811°W |
12 | Mount Harrison [288][289][dl] | British Columbia | Canadian Rockies | 3360 m 11,024 tr |
1770 m 5,807 tr |
52.1 km 32.4 mi |
50°03′37″N 115°12′21″W / 50.0604°N 115.2057°W |
13 | Mount Sir Alexander [290][291][dm] | British Columbia | Canadian Rockies | 3275 m 10,745 tr |
1762 m 5,781 tr |
87.8 km 54.5 mi |
53°56′10″N 120°23′13″W / 53.9360°N 120.3869°W |
14 | Mount Hector [292][293] | Alberta | Canadian Rockies | 3394 m 11,135 tr |
1759 m 5,771 tr |
21.5 km 13.34 mi |
51°34′31″N 116°15′32″W / 51.5752°N 116.2590°W |
15 | Whitehorn Mountain [294][295][dn] | British Columbia | Canadian Rockies | 3399 m 11,152 tr |
1747 m 5,732 tr |
7.94 km 4.93 mi |
53°08′13″N 119°16′00″W / 53.1370°N 119.2667°W |
16 | Mount Chown [296][297][do] | Alberta | Canadian Rockies | 3316 m 10,879 tr |
1746 m 5,728 tr |
30.7 km 19.05 mi |
53°23′50″N 119°25′02″W / 53.3971°N 119.4173°W |
17 | Crazy Peak [298][299][dp][dq] | Montana | Crazy Mountains | 3418 m 11,214 tr |
1743 m 5,719 tr |
71.8 km 44.6 mi |
46°01′05″N 110°16′36″W / 46.0181°N 110.2768°W |
18 | McDonald Peak [300][301][dr][ds] | Montana | Mission Range | 2994 m 9,824 tr |
1722 m 5,650 tr |
127.8 km 79.4 mi |
47°22′57″N 113°55′09″W / 47.3826°N 113.9191°W |
19 | Pikes Peak [75][76][77][ab] | Colorado | Front Range | 4302.31 m 14,115 tr |
1686 m 5,530 tr |
97.6 km 60.6 mi |
38°50′26″N 105°02′39″W / 38.8405°N 105.0442°W |
20 | Mount Nebo [302][303][dt][du] | Utah | Wasatch Range | 3637 m 11,933 tr |
1679 m 5,508 tr |
121.6 km 75.6 mi |
39°49′19″N 111°45′37″W / 39.8219°N 111.7603°W |
21 | Snowshoe Peak [304][305][dv][dw] | Montana | Cabinet Mountains | 2665 m 8,743 tr |
1658 m 5,438 tr |
133.5 km 82.9 mi |
48°13′23″N 115°41′20″W / 48.2231°N 115.6890°W |
22 | Jeanette Peak [306][307] | British Columbia | Canadian Rockies | 3089 m 10,135 tr |
1657 m 5,436 tr |
17.54 km 10.9 mi |
52°38′09″N 118°37′00″W / 52.6357°N 118.6166°W |
23 | Mount Forbes [308][309][dx][dy] | Alberta | Canadian Rockies | 3617 m 11,867 tr |
1649 m 5,410 tr |
47.4 km 29.5 mi |
51°51′36″N 116°55′54″W / 51.8600°N 116.9316°W |
24 | Diamond Peak [310][311][312][dz] | Idaho | Lemhi Range | 3719.3 m 12,202 tr |
1642 m 5,387 tr |
51.2 km 31.8 mi |
44°08′29″N 113°04′58″W / 44.1414°N 113.0827°W |
25 | Blanca Peak [31][32][f][g][h] | Colorado | Sangre de Cristo Mountains | 4374 m 14,351 tr |
1623 m 5,326 tr |
166.4 km 103.4 mi |
37°34′39″N 105°29′08″W / 37.5775°N 105.4856°W |
26 | Mount Timpanogos [313][314][315][ea] | Utah | Wasatch Range | 3582 m 11,752 tr |
1609 m 5,279 tr |
63.8 km 39.6 mi |
40°23′27″N 111°38′45″W / 40.3908°N 111.6459°W |
27 | Mount Fryatt [316][317][eb] | Alberta | Canadian Rockies | 3361 m 11,027 tr |
1608 m 5,276 tr |
16.37 km 10.17 mi |
52°33′01″N 117°54′37″W / 52.5503°N 117.9104°W |
28 | Mount Cleveland [318][319][320][ec] | Montana | Lewis Range | 3194 m 10,479 tr |
1599 m 5,246 tr |
159.9 km 99.4 mi |
48°55′30″N 113°50′54″W / 48.9249°N 113.8482°W |
29 | Mount Temple [321][322][ed] | Alberta | Canadian Rockies | 3540 m 11,614 tr |
1530 m 5,020 tr |
21.3 km 13.22 mi |
51°21′04″N 116°12′23″W / 51.3511°N 116.2063°W |
Mount Ida [323][324][ee] | British Columbia | Canadian Rockies | 3200 m 10,499 tr |
1530 m 5,020 tr |
14.14 km 8.79 mi |
54°03′29″N 120°19′36″W / 54.0580°N 120.3268°W | |
31 | Mount Joffre [325][326][ef] | Alberta British Columbia |
Canadian Rockies | 3433 m 11,263 tr |
1505 m 4,938 tr |
49.2 km 30.6 mi |
50°31′43″N 115°12′25″W / 50.5285°N 115.2069°W |
32 | Mount Clemenceau [327][328][eg] | British Columbia | Canadian Rockies | 3664 m 12,021 tr |
1494 m 4,902 tr |
35.9 km 22.3 mi |
52°14′51″N 117°57′28″W / 52.2475°N 117.9578°W |
33 | Mount Brazeau [329][330] | Alberta | Canadian Rockies | 3525 m 11,565 tr |
1475 m 4,839 tr |
30.8 km 19.14 mi |
52°33′05″N 117°21′18″W / 52.5515°N 117.3549°W |
34 | Culebra Peak [83][84][af][ag][ah] | Colorado | Culebra Range | 4283 m 14,053 tr |
1471 m 4,827 tr |
56.9 km 35.4 mi |
37°07′21″N 105°11′09″W / 37.1224°N 105.1858°W |
35 | Granite Peak [201][202][203][cn] | Montana | Beartooth Mountains | 3903.5 m 12,807 tr |
1457 m 4,779 tr |
138.5 km 86 mi |
45°09′48″N 109°48′27″W / 45.1634°N 109.8075°W |
36 | Sentinel Peak [331][332][eh][ei] | British Columbia | Canadian Rockies | 2513 m 8,245 tr |
1452 m 4,764 tr |
86.6 km 53.8 mi |
54°54′29″N 121°57′40″W / 54.9080°N 121.9610°W |
37 | Crestone Peak [38][39][l][m] | Colorado | Sangre de Cristo Range | 4359 m 14,300 tr |
1388 m 4,554 tr |
44 km 27.4 mi |
37°58′01″N 105°35′08″W / 37.9669°N 105.5855°W |
38 | Table Mountain [333][334][335][ej][ek] | Montana | Highland Mountains | 3117 m 10,228 tr |
1348 m 4,422 tr |
31.1 km 19.3 mi |
45°44′33″N 112°27′43″W / 45.7426°N 112.4619°W |
39 | Mount Stimson [336][337][338] | Montana | Lewis Range | 3092.6 m 10,146 tr |
1342 m 4,402 tr |
48.3 km 30 mi |
48°30′51″N 113°36′37″W / 48.5142°N 113.6104°W |
40 | Kintla Peak [339][340][el][em] | Montana | Livingston Range | 3080 m 10,106 tr |
1341 m 4,401 tr |
23.8 km 14.78 mi |
48°56′37″N 114°10′17″W / 48.9437°N 114.1714°W |
41 | Uncompahgre Peak [35][36][37][j][k] | Colorado | San Juan Mountains | 4365 m 14,321 tr |
1304 m 4,277 tr |
136.8 km 85 mi |
38°04′18″N 107°27′44″W / 38.0717°N 107.4621°W |
42 | Mount Edith [341][342][en][eo] | Montana | Big Belt Mountains | 2897 m 9,504 tr |
1253 m 4,110 tr |
59.5 km 37 mi |
46°25′54″N 111°11′10″W / 46.4318°N 111.1862°W |
43 | Hilgard Peak [343][344][ep][eq] | Montana | Madison Range | 3451 m 11,321 tr |
1238 m 4,063 tr |
123 km 76.4 mi |
44°55′00″N 111°27′33″W / 44.9166°N 111.4593°W |
44 | Francs Peak [174][175][176][bz] | Wyoming | Absaroka Range | 4012.3 m 13,164 tr |
1236 m 4,056 tr |
76 km 47.2 mi |
43°57′41″N 109°20′21″W / 43.9613°N 109.3392°W |
45 | Flat Top Mountain [262][263][264][dd] | Colorado | Flat Tops | 3767.7 m 12,361 tr |
1236 m 4,054 tr |
65.6 km 40.8 mi |
40°00′53″N 107°05′00″W / 40.0147°N 107.0833°W |
46 | Castle Peak [345][346][347][er] | Idaho | White Cloud Mountains | 3600.4 m 11,812 tr |
1230 m 4,035 tr |
44 km 27.3 mi |
44°02′25″N 114°35′19″W / 44.0402°N 114.5887°W |
47 | Mount Wilson [58][59][w][x][y] | Colorado | San Miguel Mountains | 4344 m 14,252 tr |
1227 m 4,024 tr |
53.1 km 33 mi |
37°50′21″N 107°59′30″W / 37.8391°N 107.9916°W |
48 | Truchas Peak [185][186][187][cc][cd] | New Mexico | Santa Fe Mountains | 3995.2 m 13,108 tr |
1220 m 4,001 tr |
68.2 km 42.3 mi |
35°57′45″N 105°38′42″W / 35.9625°N 105.6450°W |
49 | West Goat Peak [348][349][es][et] | Montana | Anaconda Range | 3291 m 10,798 tr |
1211 m 3,973 tr |
62.9 km 39.1 mi |
45°57′45″N 113°23′42″W / 45.9625°N 113.3949°W |
50 | Hollowtop Mountain [350][351][eu][ev] | Montana | Tobacco Root Mountains | 3234 m 10,609 tr |
1190 m 3,904 tr |
54.8 km 34 mi |
45°36′42″N 112°00′30″W / 45.6116°N 112.0083°W |
Cyfeiriadau
golygu- ↑ Jones, Gareth (gol.). Yr Atlas Cymraeg Newydd (Collins-Longman, 1999), t. 60.
- ↑ Geiriadur yr Academi (6ed argraffiad, 2006), t. 1180.
- ↑ Ak rigg, G.P.V.; Akrigg, Helen B. (1997). British Columbia Place Names (arg. 3rd). Vancouver, BC: UBC Press. t. 229. ISBN 978-0-7748-0636-7. Cyrchwyd September 2, 2015.
- ↑ Mardon, Ernest G.; Mardon, Austin A. (2010). Community Place Names of Alberta (arg. 3rd). Edmonton, AB: Golden Meteorite Press. t. 283. ISBN 978-1-897472-17-0. Cyrchwyd September 2, 2015.
- ↑ Gadd, Ben (1995). Handbook of the Canadian Rockies. Corax Press. ISBN 9780969263111.
- ↑ Cannings, Richard (2007). The Rockies: A Natural History. Greystone/David Suzuki Foundation. t. 5. ISBN 978-1-55365-285-4.
- ↑ Gadd, Ben (1995). Handbook of the Canadian Rockies. Corax Press. ISBN 9780969263111.
- ↑ Chronic, Halka (1980). Roadside Geology of Colorado. ISBN 978-0-87842-105-3.
- ↑ Sheridan, Scott. "US & Canada: Rocky Mountains (Chapter 14)" (PDF). Geography of the United States and Canada course notes. Kent State University. Archifwyd o'r gwreiddiol (PDF) ar September 1, 2006.
- ↑ Sheridan, Scott. "US & Canada: Rocky Mountains (Chapter 14)" (PDF). Geography of the United States and Canada course notes. Kent State University. Archifwyd o'r gwreiddiol (PDF) ar September 1, 2006.
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 11.5 11.6 11.7 11.8 T.J. Stohlgren. "Rocky Mountains". Archifwyd o'r gwreiddiol ar 2006-09-27. Cyrchwyd 2021-11-06.CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link)
- ↑ "Rocky Mountains | mountains, North America". Encyclopædia Britannica (yn Saesneg). Archifwyd o'r gwreiddiol ar August 12, 2017. Cyrchwyd August 12, 2017.
- ↑ "Events in the West (1528–1536)". 2001. Archifwyd o'r gwreiddiol ar April 10, 2012. Cyrchwyd April 15, 2012.
- ↑ "The West: Events from 1650 to 1800". PBS. Archifwyd o'r gwreiddiol ar July 6, 2011.
- ↑ "Oregon Trail Interpretive Center". Archifwyd o'r gwreiddiol ar March 4, 2016. Cyrchwyd April 15, 2012.
- ↑ "The Mormon Trail". Archifwyd o'r gwreiddiol ar April 5, 2012. Cyrchwyd April 15, 2012.
- ↑ "The Transcontinental Railroad". 2012. Archifwyd o'r gwreiddiol ar April 12, 2012. Cyrchwyd April 15, 2012.
- ↑ "Yellowstone National Park". April 4, 2012. Archifwyd o'r gwreiddiol ar July 7, 2015. Cyrchwyd April 15, 2012.
- ↑ "Canadian Pacific Railway". Archifwyd o'r gwreiddiol ar November 20, 2012. Cyrchwyd April 15, 2012.
- ↑ "Glaciers and Glacier National Park". 2011. Archifwyd o'r gwreiddiol ar January 17, 2013. Cyrchwyd April 15, 2012.
- ↑ "Rocky Mountain National Park". National Park Foundation (yn Saesneg). Archifwyd o'r gwreiddiol ar October 4, 2017. Cyrchwyd August 12, 2017.
- ↑ 22.0 22.1 "MOUNT ELBERT". Datasheet for NGS Station KL0637. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ 23.0 23.1 "Mount Elbert". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ 24.0 24.1 "Mount Elbert". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "MOUNT MASSIVE CAIRN". Datasheet for NGS Station KL0640. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Massive". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Massive". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "HARVARD". Datasheet for NGS Station JL0879. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Harvard". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Harvard". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ 31.0 31.1 "Blanca Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ 32.0 32.1 "Blanca Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "La Plata Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "La Plata Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ 35.0 35.1 "UNCOMPAHGRE". Datasheet for NGS Station JL0798. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ 36.0 36.1 "Uncompahgre Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ 37.0 37.1 "Uncompahgre Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ 38.0 38.1 "Crestone Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ 39.0 39.1 "Crestone Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "MT LINCOLN". Datasheet for NGS Station KL0627. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Lincoln". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Lincoln". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "CASTLE PK". Datasheet for NGS Station KL0659. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Castle Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Castle Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "GRAYS PEAK". Datasheet for NGS Station KK2036. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Grays Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Grays Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "MT ANTERO". Datasheet for NGS Station JL0883. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Antero". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Antero". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "EVANS". Datasheet for NGS Station KK2030. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Evans". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Evans". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "LONGS PEAK". Datasheet for NGS Station LL1346. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Longs Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Longs Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ 58.0 58.1 "Mount Wilson". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ 59.0 59.1 "Mount Wilson". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "PRINCETON". Datasheet for NGS Station JL0886. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Princeton". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Princeton". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "YALE". Datasheet for NGS Station JL0889. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Yale". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Yale". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "MAROON PEAK". Datasheet for NGS Station KL0805. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Maroon Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Maroon Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "SNEFFLES". Datasheet for NGS Station JL0826. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Sneffels". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Sneffels". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "CAPITOL PK". Datasheet for NGS Station KL0688. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Capitol Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Capitol Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ 75.0 75.1 "PIKES PEAK". Datasheet for NGS Station JK1242. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ 76.0 76.1 "Pikes Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ 77.0 77.1 "Pikes Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Windom Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Windom Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "HANDIES". Datasheet for NGS Station HL0635. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Handies Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Handies Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ 83.0 83.1 "Culebra Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ 84.0 84.1 "Culebra Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "SAN LUIS PEAK CAIRN". Datasheet for NGS Station HL0570. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "San Luis Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "San Luis Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "MT HOLY CROSS ET". Datasheet for NGS Station KL0649. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount of the Holy Cross". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount of the Holy Cross". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "GRIZZLY". Datasheet for NGS Station KL0800. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Grizzly Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Grizzly Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "MOUNT OURAY RESET". Datasheet for NGS Station JL0672. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Ouray". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Ouray". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Vermilion Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Vermilion Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "SILVERHEELS ET". Datasheet for NGS Station KL0629. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Silverheels". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Silverheels". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "PYRAMID". Datasheet for NGS Station HL0589. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Rio Grande Pyramid". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Rio Grande Pyramid". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ 105.0 105.1 "GANNETT PEAK CAIRN". Datasheet for NGS Station OW0356. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ 106.0 106.1 "Gannett Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ 107.0 107.1 "Gannett Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ 108.0 108.1 "GRAND TETON". Datasheet for NGS Station OX0838. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ 109.0 109.1 "Grand Teton". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ 110.0 110.1 "Grand Teton". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Bald Mountain". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Bald Mountain". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Oso". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Oso". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "MT JACKSON ET". Datasheet for NGS Station KL0650. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Jackson". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Jackson". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Bard Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Bard Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "West Spanish Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "West Spanish Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Powell". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Powell". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "HAGUE RM". Datasheet for NGS Station LL1350. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Hagues Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Hagues Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Tower Mountain". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Tower Mountain". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Treasure Mountain". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Treasure Mountain". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ 131.0 131.1 "Kings Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ 132.0 132.1 "Kings Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "NORTH ARAPAHOE PEAK CAIRN". Datasheet for NGS Station LL1357. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "North Arapaho Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "North Arapaho Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Parry Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Parry Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Bill Williams Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Bill Williams Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Sultan Mountain". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Sultan Mountain". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Herard". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Herard". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "BUFFALO WEST PEAK CAIRN". Datasheet for NGS Station JL0653. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "West Buffalo Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "West Buffalo Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "SUMMIT". Datasheet for NGS Station HL0503. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Summit Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Summit Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Middle Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Middle Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Antora Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Antora Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Henry Mountain". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Henry Mountain". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Hesperus Mountain". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Hesperus Mountain". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Jacque Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Jacque Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Bennett Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Bennett Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "WIND". Datasheet for NGS Station NS0274. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Wind River Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Wind River Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "CONEJOS". Datasheet for NGS Station HL0502. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Conejos Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Conejos Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ 168.0 168.1 "CLOUD PEAK". Datasheet for NGS Station PW0524. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ 169.0 169.1 "Cloud Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ 170.0 170.1 "Cloud Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "WHEELER". Datasheet for NGS Station GM0779. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Wheeler Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Wheeler Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ 174.0 174.1 "FRANCS PK 2". Datasheet for NGS Station OW0325. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ 175.0 175.1 "Francs Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ 176.0 176.1 "Francs Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Twilight Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Twilight Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "S RIVER". Datasheet for NGS Station HL0558. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "South River Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "South River Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "TWIN". Datasheet for NGS Station JK1305. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Bushnell Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Bushnell Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ 185.0 185.1 "TRUCHAS". Datasheet for NGS Station FN0666. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ 186.0 186.1 "Truchas Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ 187.0 187.1 "Truchas Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "WEST ELK D". Datasheet for NGS Station JL0755. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "West Elk Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "West Elk Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Centennial". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ 192.0 192.1 "Mount Robson". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ 193.0 193.1 "Mount Robson". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "CLARK". Datasheet for NGS Station LL1388. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Clark Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Clark Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Richthofen". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Richthofen". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Lizard Head Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Lizard Head Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ 201.0 201.1 "GRANITE PEAK". Datasheet for NGS Station QW0616. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ 202.0 202.1 "Granite Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ 203.0 203.1 "Granite Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Venado Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Venado Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "CHAIR D". Datasheet for NGS Station KL0696. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Chair Mountain". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Chair Mountain". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "GUNNISON D". Datasheet for NGS Station JL0762. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Gunnison". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Gunnison". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "EAST SPANISH PEAK CAIRN". Datasheet for NGS Station HK0488. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "East Spanish Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "East Spanish Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ 215.0 215.1 "BEAUTY RESET". Datasheet for NGS Station PZ0770. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ 216.0 216.1 "Borah Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ 217.0 217.1 "Borah Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Wood". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Wood". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "SANTA FE BALDY". Datasheet for NGS Station FN0726. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Santa Fe Baldy". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Santa Fe Baldy". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Gothic Mountain". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Gothic Mountain". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "PLATEAU". Datasheet for NGS Station QW0613. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Castle Mountain". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Castle Mountain". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "LONE CONE". Datasheet for NGS Station HM0489. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Lone Cone". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Lone Cone". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "MT MORAN ET". Datasheet for NGS Station OX0854. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Moran". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Moran". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "CUERVO". Datasheet for NGS Station GM0770. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Little Costilla Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Little Costilla Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "GRAHAM". Datasheet for NGS Station HL0620. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Graham Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Graham Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "WHETSTONE MTN CAIRN". Datasheet for NGS Station JL0732. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Whetstone Mountain". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Whetstone Mountain". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Atlantic Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Atlantic Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Specimen Mountain". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Specimen Mountain". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "BALDY MTN". Datasheet for NGS Station GM0775. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Baldy Mountain". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Baldy Mountain". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "EAST BECKWITH". Datasheet for NGS Station JL0741. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "East Beckwith Mountain". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "East Beckwith Mountain". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Knobby Crest". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "BISON". Datasheet for NGS Station KK1966. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Bison Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Bison Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "ANTHRACITE". Datasheet for NGS Station JL0739. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Anthracite Range High Point". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Anthracite Range High Point". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Matchless Mountain". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Matchless Mountain". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ 262.0 262.1 "FLATTOP". Datasheet for NGS Station LM0694. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ 263.0 263.1 "Flat Top Mountain". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ 264.0 264.1 "Flat Top Mountain". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "MT NYSTROM". Datasheet for NGS Station NS0271. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Nystrom". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Nystrom". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "GREENHORN MTN". Datasheet for NGS Station HK0512. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Greenhorn Mountain". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Greenhorn Mountain". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Elliott Mountain". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "CARTER". Datasheet for NGS Station PX0432. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Carter Mountain". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Carter Mountain". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "PARKVIEW MOUNTAIN". Datasheet for NGS Station LM0574. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Parkview Mountain". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Parkview Mountain". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Cornwall Mountain". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Cornwall Mountain". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Columbia". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Columbia". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Assiniboine". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Assiniboine". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Edith Cavell". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Edith Cavell". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Goodsir". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Goodsir". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Harrison". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Harrison". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Sir Alexander". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Sir Alexander". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Hector". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Hector". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Whitehorn Mountain". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Whitehorn Mountain". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Chown". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Chown". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Crazy Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Crazy Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "McDonald Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "McDonald Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Nebo". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Nebo". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Snowshoe Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Snowshoe Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Jeanette Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Jeanette Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Forbes". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Forbes". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "DIAMOND RESET". Datasheet for NGS Station PZ0750. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Diamond Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Diamond Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "TIMPANOGOS". Datasheet for NGS Station LO0769. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Timpanogos". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Timpanogos". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Fryatt". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Fryatt". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "CLEVELAND". Datasheet for NGS Station TM1009. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Cleveland". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Cleveland". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Temple". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Temple". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Ida". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Ida". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Joffre". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Joffre". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Clemenceau". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Clemenceau". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Brazeau". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Brazeau". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Sentinel Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Sentinel Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "TABLE MTN". Datasheet for NGS Station QY0501. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Table Mountain". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Table Mountain". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "STIMSON". Datasheet for NGS Station TM0942. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Stimson". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Stimson". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Kintla Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Kintla Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Edith". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Mount Edith". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Hilgard Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Hilgard Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "CASTLE". Datasheet for NGS Station QA0732. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Castle Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Castle Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "West Goat Peak". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "West Goat Peak". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Hollowtop Mountain". Peakbagger.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
- ↑ "Hollowtop Mountain". Bivouac.com. Cyrchwyd 4 May 2016.
Dolenni allanol
golygu- Cyfoeth Naturiol Canada (NRC)
- Arolwg Daearegol yr Unol Daleithiau (USGS)
- Arolwg Geodetig Cenedlaethol yr Unol Daleithiau (NGS)
- Bivouac.com
- peakbagger.com
- Peaklist.org
- Peakware.com
- Summitpost.org
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